我在Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)上使用Git。
我已经向我的主人许下了一些承诺。
但是，我想知道这些提交之间的区别。它们都在我的主分支上。
例如:
commit dj374
made changes
commit y4746
made changes
commit k73ud
made changes
我想知道k73ud和dj374的区别。然而，当我执行以下操作时，我无法看到我在k73ud中所做的更改。
git diff k73ud..dj374 > master.patch
当前回答
接受的答案很好。
只是把它放在这里，所以它很容易理解和将来尝试
git diff c1...c2 > mypatch_1.patch
git diff c1..c2 > mypatch_2.patch
git diff c1^..c2 > mypatch_3.patch
对于上述所有命令，我都得到了相同的差异。
以上有助于 1. 看到commit c1和另一个commit c2之间的差异 2. 还可以制作一个显示diff的补丁文件，并可用于将更改应用到另一个分支
如果它没有正确地显示差异 那么c和c可能会被误解 所以在提交前将它们调整为a，比如c1到c0，或者在提交后将它们调整为1，比如c2到c3
使用gitk查看提交的sha，前8个字符足够使用它们作为c0, c1, c2或c3。你还可以看到Gitlab > Repository > commit的提交id，等等。
希望这能有所帮助。
其他回答
gitk——所有 选择第一次提交 右键点击另一个，然后diff selected→this
我写了一个在两次提交之间显示差异的脚本，在Ubuntu上工作得很好。
https://gist.github.com/jacobabrahamb4/a60624d6274ece7a0bd2d141b53407bc
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys, subprocess, os
TOOLS = ['bcompare', 'meld']
def execute(command):
return subprocess.check_output(command)
def getTool():
for tool in TOOLS:
try:
out = execute(['which', tool]).strip()
if tool in out:
return tool
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
pass
return None
def printUsageAndExit():
print 'Usage: python bdiff.py <project> <commit_one> <commit_two>'
print 'Example: python bdiff.py <project> 0 1'
print 'Example: python bdiff.py <project> fhejk7fe d78ewg9we'
print 'Example: python bdiff.py <project> 0 d78ewg9we'
sys.exit(0)
def getCommitIds(name, first, second):
commit1 = None
commit2 = None
try:
first_index = int(first) - 1
second_index = int(second) - 1
if int(first) < 0 or int(second) < 0:
print "Cannot handle negative values: "
sys.exit(0)
logs = execute(['git', '-C', name, 'log', '--oneline', '--reverse']).splitlines()
if first_index >= 0:
commit1 = logs[first_index].split(' ')[0]
if second_index >= 0:
commit2 = logs[second_index].split(' ')[0]
except ValueError:
if first is not '0':
commit1 = first
if second is not '0':
commit2 = second
return commit1, commit2
def validateCommitIds(name, commit1, commit2):
if not commit1 and not commit2:
print "Nothing to do, exit!"
return False
try:
if commit1:
execute(['git', '-C', name, 'cat-file', '-t', commit1])
if commit2:
execute(['git', '-C', name, 'cat-file', '-t', commit2])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
return False
return True
def cleanup(commit1, commit2):
execute(['rm', '-rf', '/tmp/'+(commit1 if commit1 else '0'), '/tmp/'+(commit2 if commit2 else '0')])
def checkoutCommit(name, commit):
if commit:
execute(['git', 'clone', name, '/tmp/'+commit])
execute(['git', '-C', '/tmp/'+commit, 'checkout', commit])
else:
execute(['mkdir', '/tmp/0'])
def compare(tool, commit1, commit2):
execute([tool, '/tmp/'+(commit1 if commit1 else '0'), '/tmp/'+(commit2 if commit2 else '0')])
if __name__=='__main__':
tool = getTool()
if not tool:
print "No GUI diff tools, install bcompare or meld"
sys.exit(0)
if len(sys.argv) is not 4:
printUsageAndExit()
name, first, second = None, 0, 0
try:
name, first, second = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3]
except IndexError:
printUsageAndExit()
commit1, commit2 = getCommitIds(name, first, second)
if validateCommitIds(name, commit1, commit2) is False:
sys.exit(0)
cleanup(commit1, commit2)
try:
checkoutCommit(name, commit1)
checkoutCommit(name, commit2)
compare(tool, commit1, commit2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
finally:
cleanup(commit1, commit2)
sys.exit(0)
假设你在底部(最老的)还有一个提交，那么这就变得很简单了:
commit dj374
made changes
commit y4746
made changes
commit k73ud
made changes
commit oldestCommit
made changes
现在，使用下面的方法将很容易达到目的。
git diff k73ud oldestCommit
1. git diff <commit-id> <commit-id>
2. git diff HEAD^ HEAD -(HEAD = current branch’s tip),( HEAD^ = version before the last commit)
3. git diff HEAD^ HEAD — ./file (comparison to specified file)
4. git diff HEAD~5 HEAD - (HEAD~5 refers to the last 5 commits.)
使用这个命令来区分commit和unstaging:
git difftool --dir-diff
