如何在c#中计算两个日期之间的月差?

c#中是否有相当于VB的DateDiff()方法。我需要找出相隔数年的两个日期之间的月差。文档说我可以像这样使用TimeSpan:

TimeSpan ts = date1 - date2;

但这里的数据是以天为单位的。我不想把这个数字除以30,因为不是每个月都是30天,而且两个操作数的值相差很大,所以我担心除以30可能会得到错误的值。

有什么建议吗?


当前回答

单线解决方案

首先,检查两个日期是否都在当前年份,如果不是,则获取全年的月份,然后从年初和年末添加月份。

DateTime dateFrom = new DateTime(2019, 2, 1);
DateTime dateTo = new DateTime(2021, 5, 25);

第一个月

var monthCount = dateFrom.Year != dateTo.Year ? ((dateTo.Year - dateFrom.Year - 1) * 12) + (13 - dateFrom.Month + dateTo.Month) : dateTo.Month - dateFrom.Month + 1;

结果= 28

没有第一个月

monthCount = dateFrom.Year != dateTo.Year ? ((dateTo.Year - dateFrom.Year - 1) * 12) + (12 - dateFrom.Month + dateTo.Month) : dateTo.Month - dateFrom.Month;

结果= 27

其他回答

我当时在做一个项目,只需要几年和几个月。

/// <summary>
/// Get the total months between two date.  This will count whole months and not care about the day.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstDate">First date.</param>
/// <param name="lastDate">Last date.</param>
/// <returns>Number of month apart.</returns>
private static int GetTotalMonths(DateOnly firstDate, DateOnly lastDate)
{
    int yearsApart = lastDate.Year - firstDate.Year;
    int monthsApart = lastDate.Month - firstDate.Month;
    return (yearsApart * 12) + monthsApart;
}

private static int GetTotalMonths(DateTime firstDate, DateTime lastDate)
{
    return GetTotalMonths(DateOnly.FromDateTime(firstDate), DateOnly.FromDateTime(lastDate));
}

下面是一个返回DateTimeSpan的综合解决方案,它与TimeSpan类似,不同之处是它除了时间组件之外还包括所有的日期组件。

用法:

void Main()
{
    DateTime compareTo = DateTime.Parse("8/13/2010 8:33:21 AM");
    DateTime now = DateTime.Parse("2/9/2012 10:10:11 AM");
    var dateSpan = DateTimeSpan.CompareDates(compareTo, now);
    Console.WriteLine("Years: " + dateSpan.Years);
    Console.WriteLine("Months: " + dateSpan.Months);
    Console.WriteLine("Days: " + dateSpan.Days);
    Console.WriteLine("Hours: " + dateSpan.Hours);
    Console.WriteLine("Minutes: " + dateSpan.Minutes);
    Console.WriteLine("Seconds: " + dateSpan.Seconds);
    Console.WriteLine("Milliseconds: " + dateSpan.Milliseconds);
}

输出:

年:1 第五个月: 天:27 时间:1 分钟:36 50秒: 毫秒:0

为了方便起见,我将逻辑集中到DateTimeSpan结构体中,但是您可以将方法CompareDates移动到任何您认为合适的地方。还要注意,哪个日期在另一个日期之前并不重要。

public struct DateTimeSpan
{
    public int Years { get; }
    public int Months { get; }
    public int Days { get; }
    public int Hours { get; }
    public int Minutes { get; }
    public int Seconds { get; }
    public int Milliseconds { get; }

    public DateTimeSpan(int years, int months, int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int milliseconds)
    {
        Years = years;
        Months = months;
        Days = days;
        Hours = hours;
        Minutes = minutes;
        Seconds = seconds;
        Milliseconds = milliseconds;
    }

    enum Phase { Years, Months, Days, Done }

    public static DateTimeSpan CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        if (date2 < date1)
        {
            var sub = date1;
            date1 = date2;
            date2 = sub;
        }

        DateTime current = date1;
        int years = 0;
        int months = 0;
        int days = 0;

        Phase phase = Phase.Years;
        DateTimeSpan span = new DateTimeSpan();
        int officialDay = current.Day;

        while (phase != Phase.Done)
        {
            switch (phase)
            {
                case Phase.Years:
                    if (current.AddYears(years + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        phase = Phase.Months;
                        current = current.AddYears(years);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        years++;
                    }
                    break;
                case Phase.Months:
                    if (current.AddMonths(months + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        phase = Phase.Days;
                        current = current.AddMonths(months);
                        if (current.Day < officialDay && officialDay <= DateTime.DaysInMonth(current.Year, current.Month))
                            current = current.AddDays(officialDay - current.Day);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        months++;
                    }
                    break;
                case Phase.Days:
                    if (current.AddDays(days + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        current = current.AddDays(days);
                        var timespan = date2 - current;
                        span = new DateTimeSpan(years, months, days, timespan.Hours, timespan.Minutes, timespan.Seconds, timespan.Milliseconds);
                        phase = Phase.Done;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        days++;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        return span;
    }
}

LINQ的解决方案,

DateTime ToDate = DateTime.Today;
DateTime FromDate = ToDate.Date.AddYears(-1).AddDays(1);

int monthCount = Enumerable.Range(0, 1 + ToDate.Subtract(FromDate).Days)
                    .Select(x => FromDate.AddDays(x))
                    .ToList<DateTime>()
                    .GroupBy(z => new { z.Year, z.Month })
                    .Count();

这是我自己的库,将返回两个日期之间的月差。

public static int MonthDiff(DateTime d1, DateTime d2)
{
    int retVal = 0;

    // Calculate the number of years represented and multiply by 12
    // Substract the month number from the total
    // Substract the difference of the second month and 12 from the total
    retVal = (d1.Year - d2.Year) * 12;
    retVal = retVal - d1.Month;
    retVal = retVal - (12 - d2.Month);

    return retVal;
}
public static int PayableMonthsInDuration(DateTime StartDate, DateTime EndDate)
{
    int sy = StartDate.Year; int sm = StartDate.Month; int count = 0;
    do
    {
        count++;if ((sy == EndDate.Year) && (sm >= EndDate.Month)) { break; }
        sm++;if (sm == 13) { sm = 1; sy++; }
    } while ((EndDate.Year >= sy) || (EndDate.Month >= sm));
    return (count);
}

这个解决方案是用于租金/订阅计算的,其中的差异并不意味着减法,它意味着这两个日期之间的跨度。