import os
path = os.path.abspath(__file__)
dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)

正如其他答案所说，最好的方法是使用__file__(下面再次演示)。然而，有一个重要的警告，即如果你单独运行模块(即作为__main__)， __file__是不存在的。

例如，假设你有两个文件(都在你的PYTHONPATH上):

#/path1/foo.py
import bar
print(bar.__file__)

and

#/path2/bar.py
import os
print(os.getcwd())
print(__file__)

运行foo.py会得到如下输出:

/path1        # "import bar" causes the line "print(os.getcwd())" to run
/path2/bar.py # then "print(__file__)" runs
/path2/bar.py # then the import statement finishes and "print(bar.__file__)" runs

然而，如果你试图单独运行bar.py，你会得到:

/path2                              # "print(os.getcwd())" still works fine
Traceback (most recent call last):  # but __file__ doesn't exist if bar.py is running as main
  File "/path2/bar.py", line 3, in <module>
    print(__file__)
NameError: name '__file__' is not defined 

希望这能有所帮助。在测试其他解决方案时，这个警告花费了我大量的时间和混乱。

import os
path = os.path.abspath(__file__)
dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)

如果你想在不加载的情况下检索模块路径:

import importlib.util

print(importlib.util.find_spec("requests").origin)

示例输出:

/usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/requests/__init__.py

import a_module
print(a_module.__file__)

会给你已经加载的。pyc文件的路径，至少在Mac OS x上是这样的

import os
path = os.path.abspath(a_module.__file__)

你也可以试试:

path = os.path.dirname(a_module.__file__)

获取模块的目录。

如果你使用pip安装它，“pip show”工作得很好(“Location”)

$ PIP show detectron2

Name: detectron2
Version: 0.1
Summary: Detectron2 is FAIR next-generation research platform for object detection and segmentation.
Home-page: https://github.com/facebookresearch/detectron2
Author: FAIR
Author-email: None
License: UNKNOWN
Location: /home/ubuntu/anaconda3/envs/pytorch_p36/lib/python3.6/site-packages
Requires: yacs, tabulate, tqdm, pydot, tensorboard, Pillow, termcolor, future, cloudpickle, matplotlib, fvcore

更新:

$ python -m PIP show mymodule

(author: wisbucky。)