一位面试官最近问了我这样一个问题:给定三个布尔变量a、b和c，如果三个变量中至少有两个为真，则返回true。
我的解决方案如下:
boolean atLeastTwo(boolean a, boolean b, boolean c) {
if ((a && b) || (b && c) || (a && c)) {
return true;
}
else{
return false;
}
}
他说这还可以进一步改进，但如何改进呢?
当前回答
另一种方法是使用Java 8的Stream功能，用于任意数量的布尔值。如果Stream在处理所有元素之前达到极限，则会短路:
public static boolean atLeastTrue(int amount, Boolean ... booleans) {
return Stream.of(booleans).filter(b -> b).limit(amount).count() == amount;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("1,2: " + atLeastTrue(1, true, false, true));
System.out.println("1,1: " + atLeastTrue(1, false, true));
System.out.println("1,0: " + atLeastTrue(1, false));
System.out.println("1,1: " + atLeastTrue(1, true, false));
System.out.println("2,3: " + atLeastTrue(2, true, false, true, true));
System.out.println("3,2: " + atLeastTrue(3, true, false, true, false));
System.out.println("3,3: " + atLeastTrue(3, true, true, true, false));
}
输出:
1,2: true
1,1: true
1,0: false
1,1: true
2,3: true
3,2: false
3,3: true
其他回答
最简单的方式(IMO)，不容易混淆，容易阅读:
// Three booleans, check if two or more are true
return ( a && ( b || c ) ) || ( b && c );
C解。
int two(int a, int b, int c) {
return !a + !b + !c < 2;
}
或者你可能更喜欢:
int two(int a, int b, int c) {
return !!a + !!b + !!c >= 2;
}
字面解释适用于所有主要语言:
return (a ? 1:0) + (b ? 1:0) + (c ? 1:0) >= 2;
但是我可能会让人们更容易阅读，并且扩展到三个以上——这一点似乎被许多程序员遗忘了:
boolean testBooleans(Array bools)
{
int minTrue = ceil(bools.length * .5);
int trueCount = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < bools.length; i++)
{
if(bools[i])
{
trueCount++;
}
}
return trueCount >= minTrue;
}
If the goal is to return a bitwise two-out-of-three value for three operands, arithmetic and iterative approaches are apt to be relatively ineffective. On many CPU architectures, a good form would be "return ((a | b) & c) | (a & b);". That takes four boolean operations. On single-accumulator machines (common in small embedded systems) that's apt to take a total of seven instructions per byte. The form "return (a & b) | (a & c) | (b & c);" is perhaps nicer looking, but it would require five boolean operations, or nine instructions per byte on a single-accumulator machine.
顺便提一下，在CMOS逻辑中，计算“不是三选二”需要12个晶体管(相比之下，逆变器需要2个晶体管，双输入NAND或NOR需要4个晶体管，而三输入NAND或NOR需要6个晶体管)。
它应该是:
(a || b && c) && (b || c && a)
此外，如果true自动转换为1,false自动转换为0:
(a + b*c) * (b + c*a) > 0
