如果finally块抛出异常会发生什么?

如果finally块抛出异常，到底会发生什么?

具体来说，如果在finally块中途抛出异常会发生什么。这个块中的其余语句(之后)是否被调用?

我知道异常会向上传播。

当前回答

对于这样的问题，我通常在Visual Studio中打开一个空的控制台应用程序项目，并编写一个小示例程序:

using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from try block");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
                throw;
            }
            finally
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner finally block");
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from finally block");
                Console.WriteLine("This line is never reached");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
        }
        finally
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer finally block");
        }
    }
}

当您运行程序时，您将看到执行catch和finally块的确切顺序。请注意，在抛出异常后，finally块中的代码将不会被执行(事实上，在这个示例程序中，Visual Studio甚至会警告你，它已经检测到不可访问的代码):

Inner catch block handling exception thrown from try block.
Inner finally block
Outer catch block handling exception thrown from finally block.
Outer finally block

额外的评论

正如Michael Damatov指出的，try块中的异常如果不在(内部)catch块中处理，就会被“吃掉”。事实上，在上面的例子中，重新抛出的异常并没有出现在外层catch块中。为了更清楚地说明这一点，请看下面稍作修改的示例:

using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from try block");
            }
            finally
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner finally block");
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from finally block");
                Console.WriteLine("This line is never reached");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
        }
        finally
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer finally block");
        }
    }
}

正如你可以从输出中看到的，内部异常被“丢失”(即被忽略):

Inner finally block
Outer catch block handling exception thrown from finally block.
Outer finally block

2010-05-26 08:32:31

其他回答

在另一个异常活动时抛出异常将导致第一个异常被第二个(稍后)异常所取代。

下面是一些代码，说明发生了什么:

    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("first exception");
            }
            finally
            {
                //try
                {
                    throw new Exception("second exception");
                }
                //catch (Exception)
                {
                    //throw;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e);
        }
    }

运行代码，您将看到“第二个异常” 取消try和catch语句的注释，您将看到“第一个异常” 也取消注释抛出;语句，您将再次看到“第二个异常”。

2012-11-29 06:25:56

对于这样的问题，我通常在Visual Studio中打开一个空的控制台应用程序项目，并编写一个小示例程序:

using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from try block");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
                throw;
            }
            finally
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner finally block");
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from finally block");
                Console.WriteLine("This line is never reached");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
        }
        finally
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer finally block");
        }
    }
}

Inner catch block handling exception thrown from try block.
Inner finally block
Outer catch block handling exception thrown from finally block.
Outer finally block

额外的评论

using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from try block");
            }
            finally
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Inner finally block");
                throw new Exception("exception thrown from finally block");
                Console.WriteLine("This line is never reached");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer catch block handling {0}.", ex.Message);
        }
        finally
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Outer finally block");
        }
    }
}

正如你可以从输出中看到的，内部异常被“丢失”(即被忽略):

Inner finally block
Outer catch block handling exception thrown from finally block.
Outer finally block

2010-05-26 08:32:31

异常向上传播，应该在更高的级别进行处理。如果不在更高的级别处理异常，应用程序将崩溃。“finally”块执行在抛出异常的地方停止。

无论是否存在异常，“finally”块都保证执行。

如果“finally”块在try块中发生异常后被执行，如果这个异常没有被处理如果finally块抛出异常

然后，try块中发生的原始异常将丢失。

public class Exception
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        try
        {
            SomeMethod();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
    }

    public static void SomeMethod()
    {
        try
        {
            // This exception will be lost
            throw new Exception("Exception in try block");
        }
        finally
        {
            throw new Exception("Exception in finally block");
        }
    }
}

关于细节的好文章

2016-05-20 03:55:51

传播异常。

2010-05-26 08:26:06

它抛出一个异常;)您可以在其他catch子句中捕获该异常。

2010-05-26 08:26:21

如果finally块抛出异常会发生什么?

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