以下是我对Piotr Czapla方法的看法:

def md5sum(filename):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(128 * md5.block_size), b''):
            md5.update(chunk)
    return md5.hexdigest()

以下是我对Piotr Czapla方法的看法:

def md5sum(filename):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(128 * md5.block_size), b''):
            md5.update(chunk)
    return md5.hexdigest()

Python 2/3可移植解决方案

为了计算校验和(md5, sha1等)，你必须以二进制模式打开文件，因为你会对字节值进行求和:

要使Python 2.7和Python 3可移植，你应该使用io包，像这样:

import hashlib
import io


def md5sum(src):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with io.open(src, mode="rb") as fd:
        content = fd.read()
        md5.update(content)
    return md5

如果你的文件很大，你可能更喜欢按块读取文件，以避免将整个文件内容存储在内存中:

def md5sum(src, length=io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with io.open(src, mode="rb") as fd:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: fd.read(length), b''):
            md5.update(chunk)
    return md5

这里的技巧是使用iter()函数和一个哨兵(空字符串)。

在这种情况下创建的迭代器将在每次调用next()方法时不带参数地调用o [lambda函数];如果返回值等于sentinel，则将引发StopIteration，否则将返回该值。

如果您的文件非常大，您可能还需要显示进度信息。你可以通过调用一个回调函数来打印或记录计算的字节量:

def md5sum(src, callback, length=io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE):
    calculated = 0
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with io.open(src, mode="rb") as fd:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: fd.read(length), b''):
            md5.update(chunk)
            calculated += len(chunk)
            callback(calculated)
    return md5

Bastien Semene的代码的混合，考虑了Hawkwing关于通用哈希函数的评论…

def hash_for_file(path, algorithm=hashlib.algorithms[0], block_size=256*128, human_readable=True):
    """
    Block size directly depends on the block size of your filesystem
    to avoid performances issues
    Here I have blocks of 4096 octets (Default NTFS)

    Linux Ext4 block size
    sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sda5 | grep -i 'block size'
    > Block size:               4096

    Input:
        path: a path
        algorithm: an algorithm in hashlib.algorithms
                   ATM: ('md5', 'sha1', 'sha224', 'sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512')
        block_size: a multiple of 128 corresponding to the block size of your filesystem
        human_readable: switch between digest() or hexdigest() output, default hexdigest()
    Output:
        hash
    """
    if algorithm not in hashlib.algorithms:
        raise NameError('The algorithm "{algorithm}" you specified is '
                        'not a member of "hashlib.algorithms"'.format(algorithm=algorithm))

    hash_algo = hashlib.new(algorithm)  # According to hashlib documentation using new()
                                        # will be slower then calling using named
                                        # constructors, ex.: hashlib.md5()
    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(block_size), b''):
             hash_algo.update(chunk)
    if human_readable:
        file_hash = hash_algo.hexdigest()
    else:
        file_hash = hash_algo.digest()
    return file_hash

实现Yuval Adam对Django的回答:

import hashlib
from django.db import models

class MyModel(models.Model):
    file = models.FileField()  # Any field based on django.core.files.File

    def get_hash(self):
        hash = hashlib.md5()
        for chunk in self.file.chunks(chunk_size=8192):
            hash.update(chunk)
        return hash.hexdigest()

import hashlib,re
opened = open('/home/parrot/pass.txt','r')
opened = open.readlines()
for i in opened:
    strip1 = i.strip('\n')
    hash_object = hashlib.md5(strip1.encode())
    hash2 = hash_object.hexdigest()
    print hash2