如何将整个MySQL数据库字符集转换为UTF-8和排序为UTF-8?
当前回答
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `databasename`.`update_char_set`()
BEGIN
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE t_sql VARCHAR(256);
DECLARE tableName VARCHAR(128);
DECLARE lists CURSOR FOR SELECT table_name FROM `information_schema`.`TABLES` WHERE table_schema = 'databasename';
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE '02000' SET done = 1;
OPEN lists;
FETCH lists INTO tableName;
REPEAT
SET @t_sql = CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ', tableName, ' CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci');
PREPARE stmt FROM @t_sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
FETCH lists INTO tableName;
UNTIL done END REPEAT;
CLOSE lists;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
CALL databasename.update_char_set();
其他回答
如果数据不在相同的字符集中,您可以考虑http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-conversion.html中的这个片段
如果列具有非二进制数据类型(CHAR、VARCHAR、TEXT),则其 内容应该在列字符集中编码,而不是其他字符集 字符集。如果内容用不同的字符编码 设置后,您可以先将列转换为使用二进制数据类型,然后 然后转换到具有所需字符集的非二进制列。
这里有一个例子:
ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE c1 c1 BLOB;
ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE c1 c1 VARCHAR(100) CHARACTER SET utf8;
确保选择正确的排序规则,否则可能会得到唯一的键冲突。如。 Éleanore和Eleanore在某些排序中可能被认为是相同的。
旁白:
我曾遇到过这样的情况,电子邮件中的某些字符“坏了”,尽管它们在数据库中以UTF-8格式存储。如果您使用utf8数据发送电子邮件,您可能还需要将电子邮件转换为utf8发送。
在phpailer中,只需更新这一行:public $CharSet = 'utf-8';
要更改数据库本身的字符集编码为UTF-8,在mysql>提示符处键入以下命令。将DBNAME替换为数据库名称。
ALTER DATABASE DBNAME CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
使用ALTER DATABASE和ALTER TABLE命令。
ALTER DATABASE databasename CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
或者如果你仍然使用MySQL 5.5.2或更早的版本,不支持4字节UTF-8,使用utf8而不是utf8mb4:
ALTER DATABASE databasename CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
mysqldump -uusername -ppassword -c -e --default-character-set=utf8 --single-transaction --skip-set-charset --add-drop-database -B dbname > dump.sql
cp dump.sql dump-fixed.sql
vim dump-fixed.sql
:%s/DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1/DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci/
:%s/DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1/DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8/
:wq
mysql -uusername -ppassword < dump-fixed.sql
Make a backup! Then you need to set the default char sets on the database. This does not convert existing tables, it only sets the default for newly created tables. ALTER DATABASE dbname CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; Then, you will need to convert the char set on all existing tables and their columns. This assumes that your current data is actually in the current char set. If your columns are set to one char set but your data is really stored in another then you will need to check the MySQL manual on how to handle this. ALTER TABLE tbl_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;