似乎您的refresh()函数正在适当地向teachDS数据源添加一个新实例。但是，表没有被更新，因为它没有被指示这样做。

你可以指示Angular使用ChangeDetectorRef服务监控数据源的变化，并在必要时更新表。

ChangeDetectorRef服务必须首先注入到你的组件中:

import { ChangeDetectorRef } from '@angular/core';

constructor(
            private authService: AuthService, 
            private dialog: MatDialog, 
            private changeDetectorRef: ChangeDetectorRef
) { }

然后，在refresh()函数中刷新数据源后，你可以指示Angular检查更改并通过changeDetectorRef上的detectChanges()方法更新表:

refresh() {
  this.authService.getAuthenticatedUser().subscribe((res) => {
    this.user = res;
    this.teachDS = new LanguageDataSource(this.user.profile.languages.teach);
    this.changeDetectorRef.detectChanges();  // <-- Tell Angular to check for changes
  });
}

因此，应该更新表以反映数据源的更改。

所以对我来说，没有人能给出和@Kay一样好的答案。对我来说，这是关于排序，排序表不发生变化垫。 我的目的是这个答案，因为这是我通过搜索谷歌找到的唯一主题。 我使用的是Angular 6。

正如这里所说:

由于表对性能进行了优化，因此它不会自动检查数据数组的更改。相反，当在数据数组上添加、删除或移动对象时，您可以通过调用其renderRows()方法来触发对表所呈现行的更新。

所以你只需要在你的refresh()方法中调用renderRows()来显示你的更改。

请参见这里的积分。

这对我来说很管用:

dataSource = new MatTableDataSource<Dict>([]);
    public search() {
        let url = `${Constants.API.COMMON}/dicts?page=${this.page.number}&` + 
        (this.name == '' ? '' : `name_like=${this.name}`);
    this._http.get<Dict>(url).subscribe((data)=> {
    // this.dataSource = data['_embedded'].dicts;
    this.dataSource.data =  data['_embedded'].dicts;
    this.page = data['page'];
    this.resetSelection();
  });
}

所以你应该声明你的数据源实例为MatTableDataSource

this.dataSource = new MatTableDataSource<Element>(this.elements);

将这一行添加到添加或删除特定行的操作下面。

refresh() {
  this.authService.getAuthenticatedUser().subscribe((res) => {
    this.user = new MatTableDataSource<Element>(res);   
  });
}

我认为MatTableDataSource对象在某种程度上与你传递给MatTableDataSource构造函数的数据数组相关联。

例如:

dataTable: string[];
tableDS: MatTableDataSource<string>;

ngOnInit(){
   // here your pass dataTable to the dataSource
   this.tableDS = new MatTableDataSource(this.dataTable); 
}

所以，当你需要改变数据时;改变原始列表dataTable，然后通过调用tableDS上的_updatechangesub兵役()方法反映表上的变化。

例如:

this.dataTable.push('testing');
this.tableDS._updateChangeSubscription();

这就是我在Angular 6中的工作。

我做了更多的研究，发现这个地方给我我需要的-感觉干净，涉及更新数据时，从服务器刷新: https://blog.angular-university.io/angular-material-data-table/

大部分的演职员表都在上面一页。下面是如何使用mat-selector在选择更改时更新绑定到数据源的mat-table的示例。我使用的是Angular 7。对不起，我写得太广泛了，我想要完整而简洁——我已经把尽可能多不需要的部分删掉了。希望这能帮助其他人更快地前进!

organization.model.ts:

export class Organization {
    id: number;
    name: String;
}

organization.service.ts:

import { Observable, empty } from 'rxjs';
import { of } from 'rxjs';

import { Organization } from './organization.model';

export class OrganizationService {
  getConstantOrganizations(filter: String): Observable<Organization[]> {
    if (filter === "All") {
      let Organizations: Organization[] = [
        { id: 1234, name: 'Some data' }
      ];
      return of(Organizations);
     } else {
       let Organizations: Organization[] = [
         { id: 5678, name: 'Some other data' }
       ];
     return of(Organizations);
  }

  // ...just a sample, other filterings would go here - and of course data instead fetched from server.
}

organizationdatasource.model.ts:

import { CollectionViewer, DataSource } from '@angular/cdk/collections';
import { Observable, BehaviorSubject, of } from 'rxjs';
import { catchError, finalize } from "rxjs/operators";

import { OrganizationService } from './organization.service';
import { Organization } from './organization.model';

export class OrganizationDataSource extends DataSource<Organization> {
  private organizationsSubject = new BehaviorSubject<Organization[]>([]);

  private loadingSubject = new BehaviorSubject<boolean>(false);

  public loading$ = this.loadingSubject.asObservable();

  constructor(private organizationService: OrganizationService, ) {
    super();
  }

  loadOrganizations(filter: String) {
    this.loadingSubject.next(true);

    return this.organizationService.getOrganizations(filter).pipe(
      catchError(() => of([])),
      finalize(() => this.loadingSubject.next(false))
    ).subscribe(organization => this.organizationsSubject.next(organization));
  }

  connect(collectionViewer: CollectionViewer): Observable<Organization[]> {
    return this.organizationsSubject.asObservable();
  }

  disconnect(collectionViewer: CollectionViewer): void {
    this.organizationsSubject.complete();
    this.loadingSubject.complete();
  }
}

organizations.component.html:

<div class="spinner-container" *ngIf="organizationDataSource.loading$ | async">
    <mat-spinner></mat-spinner>
</div>

<div>
  <form [formGroup]="formGroup">
    <mat-form-field fxAuto>
      <div fxLayout="row">
        <mat-select formControlName="organizationSelectionControl" (selectionChange)="updateOrganizationSelection()">
          <mat-option *ngFor="let organizationSelectionAlternative of organizationSelectionAlternatives"
            [value]="organizationSelectionAlternative">
            {{organizationSelectionAlternative.name}}
          </mat-option>
        </mat-select>
      </div>
    </mat-form-field>
  </form>
</div>

<mat-table fxLayout="column" [dataSource]="organizationDataSource">
  <ng-container matColumnDef="name">
    <mat-header-cell *matHeaderCellDef>Name</mat-header-cell>
    <mat-cell *matCellDef="let organization">{{organization.name}}</mat-cell>
  </ng-container>

  <ng-container matColumnDef="number">
    <mat-header-cell *matHeaderCellDef>Number</mat-header-cell>
    <mat-cell *matCellDef="let organization">{{organization.number}}</mat-cell>
  </ng-container>

  <mat-header-row *matHeaderRowDef="displayedColumns"></mat-header-row>
  <mat-row *matRowDef="let row; columns: displayedColumns"></mat-row>
</mat-table>

organizations.component.scss:

.spinner-container {
    height: 360px;
    width: 390px;
    position: fixed;
}

organization.component.ts:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { FormGroup, FormBuilder } from '@angular/forms';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';

import { OrganizationService } from './organization.service';
import { Organization } from './organization.model';
import { OrganizationDataSource } from './organizationdatasource.model';

@Component({
  selector: 'organizations',
  templateUrl: './organizations.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./organizations.component.scss']
})
export class OrganizationsComponent implements OnInit {
  public displayedColumns: string[];
  public organizationDataSource: OrganizationDataSource;
  public formGroup: FormGroup;

  public organizationSelectionAlternatives = [{
    id: 1,
    name: 'All'
  }, {
    id: 2,
    name: 'With organization update requests'
  }, {
    id: 3,
    name: 'With contact update requests'
  }, {
    id: 4,
    name: 'With order requests'
  }]

  constructor(
    private formBuilder: FormBuilder,
    private organizationService: OrganizationService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.formGroup = this.formBuilder.group({
      'organizationSelectionControl': []
    })

    const toSelect = this.organizationSelectionAlternatives.find(c => c.id == 1);
    this.formGroup.get('organizationSelectionControl').setValue(toSelect);

    this.organizationDataSource = new OrganizationDataSource(this.organizationService);
    this.displayedColumns = ['name', 'number' ];
    this.updateOrganizationSelection();
  }

  updateOrganizationSelection() {
    this.organizationDataSource.loadOrganizations(this.formGroup.get('organizationSelectionControl').value.name);
  }
}