我认为没有办法在不尝试访问动态变量的情况下发现动态变量是否有某个成员，除非你在c#编译器中重新实现动态绑定的处理方式。这可能包含很多猜测，因为根据c#规范，它是由实现定义的。

所以你应该尝试访问成员并捕获异常，如果它失败了:

dynamic myVariable = GetDataThatLooksVerySimilarButNotTheSame();

try
{
    var x = myVariable.MyProperty;
    // do stuff with x
}
catch (RuntimeBinderException)
{
    //  MyProperty doesn't exist
} 

我想我应该比较一下Martijn和svick的答案……

下面的程序返回以下结果:

Testing with exception: 2430985 ticks
Testing with reflection: 155570 ticks

void Main()
{
    var random = new Random(Environment.TickCount);

    dynamic test = new Test();

    var sw = new Stopwatch();

    sw.Start();

    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
    {
        TestWithException(test, FlipCoin(random));
    }

    sw.Stop();

    Console.WriteLine("Testing with exception: " + sw.ElapsedTicks.ToString() + " ticks");

    sw.Restart();

    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
    {
        TestWithReflection(test, FlipCoin(random));
    }

    sw.Stop();

    Console.WriteLine("Testing with reflection: " + sw.ElapsedTicks.ToString() + " ticks");
}

class Test
{
    public bool Exists { get { return true; } }
}

bool FlipCoin(Random random)
{
    return random.Next(2) == 0;
}

bool TestWithException(dynamic d, bool useExisting)
{
    try
    {
        bool result = useExisting ? d.Exists : d.DoesntExist;
        return true;
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
        return false;
    }
}

bool TestWithReflection(dynamic d, bool useExisting)
{
    Type type = d.GetType();

    return type.GetProperties().Any(p => p.Name.Equals(useExisting ? "Exists" : "DoesntExist"));
}

因此，我建议使用反射。见下文。

回应bland的评论:

比率是反射:100000次迭代的异常滴答声:

Fails 1/1: - 1:43 ticks
Fails 1/2: - 1:22 ticks
Fails 1/3: - 1:14 ticks
Fails 1/5: - 1:9 ticks
Fails 1/7: - 1:7 ticks
Fails 1/13: - 1:4 ticks
Fails 1/17: - 1:3 ticks
Fails 1/23: - 1:2 ticks
...
Fails 1/43: - 1:2 ticks
Fails 1/47: - 1:1 ticks

.．.很公平——如果你认为它失败的概率小于~1/47，那么就去找例外。

上面假设您每次都运行GetProperties()。您可以通过将每种类型的GetProperties()结果缓存到字典或类似内容中来加快该过程。如果您要反复检查同一组类型，这可能会有所帮助。

对我来说，这是可行的:

if (IsProperty(() => DynamicObject.MyProperty))
  ; // do stuff



delegate string GetValueDelegate();

private bool IsProperty(GetValueDelegate getValueMethod)
{
    try
    {
        //we're not interesting in the return value.
        //What we need to know is whether an exception occurred or not

        var v = getValueMethod();
        return v != null;
    }
    catch (RuntimeBinderException)
    {
        return false;
    }
    catch
    {
        return true;
    }
}

如果你的用例是转换一个api响应，只携带一些字段，你可以使用这个:

var template = new { address = new { street = "" } };
var response = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(await result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(), template);

string street = response?.address?.street;

根据@karask的回答，你可以像这样将函数包装为一个helper:

public static bool HasProperty(ExpandoObject expandoObj,
                               string name)
{
    return ((IDictionary<string, object>)expandoObj).ContainsKey(name);
}

我知道这是一个很老的帖子，但这里有一个简单的解决方案，在c#中使用动态类型。

可以使用简单的反射来枚举直接属性吗 或者可以使用对象扩展的方法 或使用GetAsOrDefault<int>方法获取一个新的强类型对象，如果存在则带值，如果不存在则默认。

public static class DynamicHelper
{
    private static void Test( )
    {
        dynamic myobj = new
                        {
                            myInt = 1,
                            myArray = new[ ]
                                      {
                                          1, 2.3
                                      },
                            myDict = new
                                     {
                                         myInt = 1
                                     }
                        };

        var myIntOrZero = myobj.GetAsOrDefault< int >( ( Func< int > )( ( ) => myobj.noExist ) );
        int? myNullableInt = GetAs< int >( myobj, ( Func< int > )( ( ) => myobj.myInt ) );

        if( default( int ) != myIntOrZero )
            Console.WriteLine( $"myInt: '{myIntOrZero}'" );

        if( default( int? ) != myNullableInt )
            Console.WriteLine( $"myInt: '{myNullableInt}'" );

        if( DoesPropertyExist( myobj, "myInt" ) )
            Console.WriteLine( $"myInt exists and it is: '{( int )myobj.myInt}'" );
    }

    public static bool DoesPropertyExist( dynamic dyn, string property )
    {
        var t = ( Type )dyn.GetType( );
        var props = t.GetProperties( );
        return props.Any( p => p.Name.Equals( property ) );
    }

    public static object GetAs< T >( dynamic obj, Func< T > lookup )
    {
        try
        {
            var val = lookup( );
            return ( T )val;
        }
        catch( RuntimeBinderException ) { }

        return null;
    }

    public static T GetAsOrDefault< T >( this object obj, Func< T > test )
    {
        try
        {
            var val = test( );
            return ( T )val;
        }
        catch( RuntimeBinderException ) { }

        return default( T );
    }
}