基于@ j.f.的评论。Sebastian，您可以将replace()函数链接到一个“月”之前。因为一个月不是一个固定的时间段，所以这个解决方案尝试返回到前一个月的同一日期，当然这并不适用于所有月份。在这种情况下，该算法默认为前一个月的最后一天。

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

d = datetime(2012, 3, 31) # A problem date as an example

# last day of last month
one_month_ago = (d.replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=1))
try:
    # try to go back to same day last month
    one_month_ago = one_month_ago.replace(day=d.day)
except ValueError:
    pass
print("one_month_ago: {0}".format(one_month_ago))

输出:

one_month_ago: 2012-02-29 00:00:00

你应该使用dateutil。 有了它，你可以使用relativedelta，它是timedelta的改进版本。

>>> import datetime 
>>> import dateutil.relativedelta
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> print now
2012-03-15 12:33:04.281248
>>> print now + dateutil.relativedelta.relativedelta(months=-1)
2012-02-15 12:33:04.281248

Datetime和Datetime。Timedelta类是您的朋友。

今天发现。 用这个找到这个月的第一天。 使用timedelta将某一天备份到上个月的最后一天。 打印您正在寻找的YYYYMM字符串。

是这样的:

 import datetime
 today = datetime.date.today()
 first = today.replace(day=1)
 last_month = first - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
 print(last_month.strftime("%Y%m"))
 

201202打印出来了。

简单，一行代码:

import datetime as dt
previous_month = (dt.date.today().replace(day=1) - dt.timedelta(days=1)).month

基于bgporter的回答。

def prev_month_range(when = None): 
    """Return (previous month's start date, previous month's end date)."""
    if not when:
        # Default to today.
        when = datetime.datetime.today()
    # Find previous month: https://stackoverflow.com/a/9725093/564514
    # Find today.
    first = datetime.date(day=1, month=when.month, year=when.year)
    # Use that to find the first day of this month.
    prev_month_end = first - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
    prev_month_start = datetime.date(day=1, month= prev_month_end.month, year= prev_month_end.year)
    # Return previous month's start and end dates in YY-MM-DD format.
    return (prev_month_start.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'), prev_month_end.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))

def prev_month(date=datetime.datetime.today()):
    if date.month == 1:
        return date.replace(month=12,year=date.year-1)
    else:
        try:
            return date.replace(month=date.month-1)
        except ValueError:
            return prev_month(date=date.replace(day=date.day-1))