我需要在用户登录后为每个后续请求设置一些授权头。
为特定请求设置头信息，
import {Headers} from 'angular2/http';
var headers = new Headers();
headers.append(headerName, value);
// HTTP POST using these headers
this.http.post(url, data, {
headers: headers
})
// do something with the response
参考
但是，以这种方式为每个请求手动设置请求头是不可行的。
我如何设置头设置一旦用户登录，也删除注销这些头?
当前回答
这就是我如何为每个请求设置令牌。
import { RequestOptions, BaseRequestOptions, RequestOptionsArgs } from '@angular/http';
export class CustomRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions {
constructor() {
super();
this.headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
}
merge(options?: RequestOptionsArgs): RequestOptions {
const token = localStorage.getItem('token');
const newOptions = super.merge(options);
if (token) {
newOptions.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
}
return newOptions;
}
}
并在app.module.ts中注册
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule
],
providers: [
{ provide: RequestOptions, useClass: CustomRequestOptions }
],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
其他回答
这就是我如何为每个请求设置令牌。
import { RequestOptions, BaseRequestOptions, RequestOptionsArgs } from '@angular/http';
export class CustomRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions {
constructor() {
super();
this.headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
}
merge(options?: RequestOptionsArgs): RequestOptions {
const token = localStorage.getItem('token');
const newOptions = super.merge(options);
if (token) {
newOptions.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${token}`);
}
return newOptions;
}
}
并在app.module.ts中注册
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule
],
providers: [
{ provide: RequestOptions, useClass: CustomRequestOptions }
],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
虽然我很晚才回，但也许能帮到别人。当使用@NgModule时，要向所有请求注入头文件，可以这样做:
(我在Angular 2.0.1中进行了测试)
/**
* Extending BaseRequestOptions to inject common headers to all requests.
*/
class CustomRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions {
constructor() {
super();
this.headers.append('Authorization', 'my-token');
this.headers.append('foo', 'bar');
}
}
现在在@NgModule中执行以下操作:
@NgModule({
declarations: [FooComponent],
imports : [
// Angular modules
BrowserModule,
HttpModule, // This is required
/* other modules */
],
providers : [
{provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: HashLocationStrategy},
// This is the main part. We are telling Angular to provide an instance of
// CustomRequestOptions whenever someone injects RequestOptions
{provide: RequestOptions, useClass: CustomRequestOptions}
],
bootstrap : [AppComponent]
})
在Angular 2.1.2中，我通过扩展Angular Http来解决这个问题:
import {Injectable} from "@angular/core";
import {Http, Headers, RequestOptionsArgs, Request, Response, ConnectionBackend, RequestOptions} from "@angular/http";
import {Observable} from 'rxjs/Observable';
@Injectable()
export class HttpClient extends Http {
constructor(protected _backend: ConnectionBackend, protected _defaultOptions: RequestOptions) {
super(_backend, _defaultOptions);
}
_setCustomHeaders(options?: RequestOptionsArgs):RequestOptionsArgs{
if(!options) {
options = new RequestOptions({});
}
if(localStorage.getItem("id_token")) {
if (!options.headers) {
options.headers = new Headers();
}
options.headers.set("Authorization", localStorage.getItem("id_token"))
}
return options;
}
request(url: string|Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {
options = this._setCustomHeaders(options);
return super.request(url, options)
}
}
然后在我的应用程序提供者中，我可以使用自定义工厂来提供“Http”
import { RequestOptions, Http, XHRBackend} from '@angular/http';
import {HttpClient} from './httpClient';
import { RequestOptions, Http, XHRBackend} from '@angular/http';
import {HttpClient} from './httpClient';//above snippet
function httpClientFactory(xhrBackend: XHRBackend, requestOptions: RequestOptions): Http {
return new HttpClient(xhrBackend, requestOptions);
}
@NgModule({
imports:[
FormsModule,
BrowserModule,
],
declarations: APP_DECLARATIONS,
bootstrap:[AppComponent],
providers:[
{ provide: Http, useFactory: httpClientFactory, deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]}
],
})
export class AppModule {
constructor(){
}
}
现在我不需要声明每个Http方法，可以在整个应用程序中正常使用Http。
我喜欢覆盖默认选项的想法，这似乎是一个很好的解决方案。
但是，如果您打算扩展Http类。一定要把这篇文章看完!
这里的一些答案实际上显示了request()方法的不正确重载，这可能导致难以捕捉的错误和奇怪的行为。这是我自己偶然发现的。
这个解决方案基于Angular 4.2中的request()方法实现。X，但应该是未来兼容的:
import {Observable} from 'rxjs/Observable';
import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
import {
ConnectionBackend, Headers,
Http as NgHttp,
Request,
RequestOptions,
RequestOptionsArgs,
Response,
XHRBackend
} from '@angular/http';
import {AuthenticationStateService} from '../authentication/authentication-state.service';
@Injectable()
export class Http extends NgHttp {
constructor (
backend: ConnectionBackend,
defaultOptions: RequestOptions,
private authenticationStateService: AuthenticationStateService
) {
super(backend, defaultOptions);
}
request (url: string | Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {
if ('string' === typeof url) {
url = this.rewriteUrl(url);
options = (options || new RequestOptions());
options.headers = this.updateHeaders(options.headers);
return super.request(url, options);
} else if (url instanceof Request) {
const request = url;
request.url = this.rewriteUrl(request.url);
request.headers = this.updateHeaders(request.headers);
return super.request(request);
} else {
throw new Error('First argument must be a url string or Request instance');
}
}
private rewriteUrl (url: string) {
return environment.backendBaseUrl + url;
}
private updateHeaders (headers?: Headers) {
headers = headers || new Headers();
// Authenticating the request.
if (this.authenticationStateService.isAuthenticated() && !headers.has('Authorization')) {
headers.append('Authorization', 'Bearer ' + this.authenticationStateService.getToken());
}
return headers;
}
}
注意，我是这样导入原始类的:import {Http as NgHttp} from '@angular/ Http ';为了防止名字冲突。
这里要解决的问题是request()方法有两个不同的调用签名。当传递的是Request对象而不是URL字符串时，Angular会忽略options参数。所以这两种情况都必须妥善处理。
下面是如何用DI容器注册这个被重写的类的例子:
export const httpProvider = {
provide: NgHttp,
useFactory: httpFactory,
deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions, AuthenticationStateService]
};
export function httpFactory (
xhrBackend: XHRBackend,
requestOptions: RequestOptions,
authenticationStateService: AuthenticationStateService
): Http {
return new Http(
xhrBackend,
requestOptions,
authenticationStateService
);
}
使用这种方法，您可以正常地注入Http类，但您的重写类将被神奇地注入。这允许您轻松地集成您的解决方案，而无需更改应用程序的其他部分(操作中的多态性)。
只需将httpProvider添加到模块元数据的providers属性中。
虽然我回答这个问题很晚，但如果有人在寻求更简单的解决方案。
我们可以用angular -jwt。angular2-jwt在从Angular 2应用中发起HTTP请求时，会自动将一个JSON Web令牌(JWT)作为授权标头。
我们可以用高级配置选项设置全局标头
export function authHttpServiceFactory(http: Http, options: RequestOptions) {
return new AuthHttp(new AuthConfig({
tokenName: 'token',
tokenGetter: (() => sessionStorage.getItem('token')),
globalHeaders: [{'Content-Type':'application/json'}],
}), http, options);
}
发送每个请求令牌
getThing() {
let myHeader = new Headers();
myHeader.append('Content-Type', 'application/json');
this.authHttp.get('http://example.com/api/thing', { headers: myHeader })
.subscribe(
data => this.thing = data,
err => console.log(error),
() => console.log('Request Complete')
);
// Pass it after the body in a POST request
this.authHttp.post('http://example.com/api/thing', 'post body', { headers: myHeader })
.subscribe(
data => this.thing = data,
err => console.log(error),
() => console.log('Request Complete')
);
}
