我一直在搜索Select和SelectMany之间的区别,但我还没有找到合适的答案。我需要学习使用LINQ to SQL时的差异,但我所找到的都是标准数组示例。
有人能提供一个LINQ到SQL的例子吗?
我一直在搜索Select和SelectMany之间的区别,但我还没有找到合适的答案。我需要学习使用LINQ to SQL时的差异,但我所找到的都是标准数组示例。
有人能提供一个LINQ到SQL的例子吗?
当前回答
SelectMany扁平查询,返回列表的列表。例如
public class PhoneNumber
{
public string Number { get; set; }
}
public class Person
{
public IEnumerable<PhoneNumber> PhoneNumbers { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
IEnumerable<Person> people = new List<Person>();
// Select gets a list of lists of phone numbers
IEnumerable<IEnumerable<PhoneNumber>> phoneLists = people.Select(p => p.PhoneNumbers);
// SelectMany flattens it to just a list of phone numbers.
IEnumerable<PhoneNumber> phoneNumbers = people.SelectMany(p => p.PhoneNumbers);
// And to include data from the parent in the result:
// pass an expression to the second parameter (resultSelector) in the overload:
var directory = people
.SelectMany(p => p.PhoneNumbers,
(parent, child) => new { parent.Name, child.Number });
Live Demo。net Fiddle
其他回答
Some SelectMany可能不需要。以下2个查询给出相同的结果。
Customers.Where(c=>c.Name=="Tom").SelectMany(c=>c.Orders)
Orders.Where(o=>o.Customer.Name=="Tom")
对于一对多关系,
如果从“1”开始,则需要SelectMany,它将平展many。 如果从“Many”开始,则不需要SelectMany。(仍然能够从“1”中过滤,这也比以下标准的连接查询更简单)
from o in Orders
join c in Customers on o.CustomerID equals c.ID
where c.Name == "Tom"
select o
Select是一个简单的从源元素到结果元素的一对一投影。选择- - - 当查询表达式中有多个from子句时使用Many:原始序列中的每个元素都用于生成一个新序列。
SelectMany()的正式描述是:
将序列的每个元素投射到IEnumerable上并展开 产生的序列变成一个序列。
SelectMany()将结果序列平铺成一个序列,并对其中的每个元素调用结果选择器函数。
class PetOwner
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public List<String> Pets { get; set; }
}
public static void SelectManyEx()
{
PetOwner[] petOwners =
{ new PetOwner { Name="Higa, Sidney",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Scruffy", "Sam" } },
new PetOwner { Name="Ashkenazi, Ronen",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Walker", "Sugar" } },
new PetOwner { Name="Price, Vernette",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Scratches", "Diesel" } } };
// Query using SelectMany().
IEnumerable<string> query1 = petOwners.SelectMany(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);
Console.WriteLine("Using SelectMany():");
// Only one foreach loop is required to iterate
// through the results since it is a
// one-dimensional collection.
foreach (string pet in query1)
{
Console.WriteLine(pet);
}
// This code shows how to use Select()
// instead of SelectMany().
IEnumerable<List<String>> query2 =
petOwners.Select(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);
Console.WriteLine("\nUsing Select():");
// Notice that two foreach loops are required to
// iterate through the results
// because the query returns a collection of arrays.
foreach (List<String> petList in query2)
{
foreach (string pet in petList)
{
Console.WriteLine(pet);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
/*
This code produces the following output:
Using SelectMany():
Scruffy
Sam
Walker
Sugar
Scratches
Diesel
Using Select():
Scruffy
Sam
Walker
Sugar
Scratches
Diesel
*/
主要的区别是每个方法的结果,而SelectMany()返回一个扁平的结果;Select()返回一个列表的列表,而不是一个扁平的结果集。
因此,SelectMany的结果是一个列表
{斯库菲,山姆,沃克,甜甜,划痕,迪塞尔}
你可以迭代每一项。但是对于select的结果,您需要一个额外的foreach循环来遍历结果,因为查询返回一个数组集合。
下面是一个用于测试的初始化小集合的代码示例:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
List<Order> orders = new List<Order>
{
new Order
{
OrderID = "orderID1",
OrderLines = new List<OrderLine>
{
new OrderLine
{
ProductSKU = "SKU1",
Quantity = 1
},
new OrderLine
{
ProductSKU = "SKU2",
Quantity = 2
},
new OrderLine
{
ProductSKU = "SKU3",
Quantity = 3
}
}
},
new Order
{
OrderID = "orderID2",
OrderLines = new List<OrderLine>
{
new OrderLine
{
ProductSKU = "SKU4",
Quantity = 4
},
new OrderLine
{
ProductSKU = "SKU5",
Quantity = 5
}
}
}
};
//required result is the list of all SKUs in orders
List<string> allSKUs = new List<string>();
//With Select case 2 foreach loops are required
var flattenedOrdersLinesSelectCase = orders.Select(o => o.OrderLines);
foreach (var flattenedOrderLine in flattenedOrdersLinesSelectCase)
{
foreach (OrderLine orderLine in flattenedOrderLine)
{
allSKUs.Add(orderLine.ProductSKU);
}
}
//With SelectMany case only one foreach loop is required
allSKUs = new List<string>();
var flattenedOrdersLinesSelectManyCase = orders.SelectMany(o => o.OrderLines);
foreach (var flattenedOrderLine in flattenedOrdersLinesSelectManyCase)
{
allSKUs.Add(flattenedOrderLine.ProductSKU);
}
//If the required result is flattened list which has OrderID, ProductSKU and Quantity,
//SelectMany with selector is very helpful to get the required result
//and allows avoiding own For loops what according to my experience do code faster when
// hundreds of thousands of data rows must be operated
List<OrderLineForReport> ordersLinesForReport = (List<OrderLineForReport>)orders.SelectMany(o => o.OrderLines,
(o, ol) => new OrderLineForReport
{
OrderID = o.OrderID,
ProductSKU = ol.ProductSKU,
Quantity = ol.Quantity
}).ToList();
}
}
class Order
{
public string OrderID { get; set; }
public List<OrderLine> OrderLines { get; set; }
}
class OrderLine
{
public string ProductSKU { get; set; }
public int Quantity { get; set; }
}
class OrderLineForReport
{
public string OrderID { get; set; }
public string ProductSKU { get; set; }
public int Quantity { get; set; }
}
没有太多的技术-数据库与许多组织,每个有许多用户:-
var orgId = "123456789";
var userList1 = db.Organizations
.Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
.SelectMany(a => a.Users)
.ToList();
var userList2 = db.Users
.Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
.ToList();
都为所选组织返回相同的ApplicationUser列表。
第一个“项目”从Organization到Users,第二个直接查询Users表。