我发现自己多次回到这个问题上，答案并没有给我我想要的，所以把这个放在这里给任何需要这个问题的人。

下面的代码执行顺序承诺执行(一个接一个)，每一轮由多个调用组成:

async function sequence(list, cb) {
  const result = [];
  await list.reduce(async (promise, item) => promise
    .then(() => cb(item))
    .then((res) => result.push(res)
  ), Promise.resolve());
  return result;
}

展示:

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/axios/0.15.3/axios.min.js"></script> <script src="https://unpkg.com/@babel/standalone@7/babel.min.js"></script> <script type="text/babel"> function sleep(ms) { return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms)); } async function readFile(url, index) { console.log('Running index: ', index); // First action const firstTime = await axios.get(url); console.log('First API response: ', firstTime.data.activity); // Second action await sleep(1000); // Third action const secondTime = await axios.get(url); console.log('Second API response: ', secondTime.data.activity); // Fourth action await sleep(1000); return secondTime.data; } async function sequence(urls, fn) { const result = []; await urls.reduce(async (promise, url, index) => promise.then(() => fn(url, index)).then((res) => result.push(res)), Promise.resolve()); return result; } const urls = [ 'https://www.boredapi.com/api/activity', 'https://www.boredapi.com/api/activity', 'https://www.boredapi.com/api/activity', ]; (async function init() { const result = await sequence(urls, readFile); console.log('result', result); })() </script>

我的答案基于https://stackoverflow.com/a/31070150/7542429。

Promise.series = function series(arrayOfPromises) {
    var results = [];
    return arrayOfPromises.reduce(function(seriesPromise, promise) {
      return seriesPromise.then(function() {
        return promise
        .then(function(result) {
          results.push(result);
        });
      });
    }, Promise.resolve())
    .then(function() {
      return results;
    });
  };

该解决方案以Promise.all()等数组的形式返回结果。

用法:

Promise.series([array of promises])
.then(function(results) { 
  // do stuff with results here
});

如果你愿意，你可以用reduce来做出一个连续的承诺，例如:

[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9].reduce((promises, page) => {
    return promises.then((page) => {
        console.log(page);
        return Promise.resolve(page+1);
    });
  }, Promise.resolve(1));

它总是按顺序工作。

使用ES2016的async/await(可能还有ES2018的一些特性)，这可以简化为这样的形式:

function readFile(file) {
  ... // Returns a promise.
}

async function readFiles(files) {
  for (file in files) {
     await readFile(file)
  }
}

I haven't seen another answer express that simplicity. The OP said parallel execution of readFile was not desired. However, with IO like this it really makes sense to not be blocking on a single file read, while keeping the loop execution synchronous (you don't want to do the next step until all files have been read). Since I just learned about this and am a bit excited about it, I'll share that approach of parallel asynchronous execution of readFile with overall synchronous execution of readFiles.

async function readFiles(files) {
  await Promise.all(files.map(readFile))
}

这难道不是一件美好的事情吗?

我不得不运行大量的顺序任务，并使用这些答案来伪造一个函数，将照顾处理任何顺序任务…

function one_by_one(objects_array, iterator, callback) {
    var start_promise = objects_array.reduce(function (prom, object) {
        return prom.then(function () {
            return iterator(object);
        });
    }, Promise.resolve()); // initial
    if(callback){
        start_promise.then(callback);
    }else{
        return start_promise;
    }
}

该函数接受2个参数+ 1个可选参数。第一个参数是我们将要处理的数组。第二个参数是任务本身，一个返回承诺的函数，只有当这个承诺解决时，下一个任务才会开始。第三个参数是在所有任务完成后运行的回调。如果没有传递回调，则函数返回它创建的promise，以便我们可以处理结束。

下面是一个用法示例:

var filenames = ['1.jpg','2.jpg','3.jpg'];
var resize_task = function(filename){
    //return promise of async resizing with filename
};
one_by_one(filenames,resize_task );

希望它能节省一些时间…

这是对如何以更通用的方式处理承诺序列的扩展，支持基于spex的动态/无限序列。序列实现:

var $q = require("q");
var spex = require('spex')($q);

var files = []; // any dynamic source of files;

var readFile = function (file) {
    // returns a promise;
};

function source(index) {
    if (index < files.length) {
        return readFile(files[index]);
    }
}

function dest(index, data) {
    // data = resolved data from readFile;
}

spex.sequence(source, dest)
    .then(function (data) {
        // finished the sequence;
    })
    .catch(function (error) {
        // error;
    });

这种解决方案不仅适用于任何大小的序列，而且还可以轻松地向其添加数据节流和负载平衡。