我真的很喜欢@joelnet的回答，但对我来说，这种编码风格有点难以消化，所以我花了几天时间试图弄清楚如何以更可读的方式表达相同的解决方案，这就是我的想法，只是使用了不同的语法和一些注释。

// first take your work
const urls = ['/url1', '/url2', '/url3', '/url4']

// next convert each item to a function that returns a promise
const functions = urls.map((url) => {
  // For every url we return a new function
  return () => {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
      // random wait in milliseconds
      const randomWait = parseInt((Math.random() * 1000),10)
      console.log('waiting to resolve in ms', randomWait)
      setTimeout(()=>resolve({randomWait, url}),randomWait)
    })
  }
})


const promiseReduce = (acc, next) => {
  // we wait for the accumulator to resolve it's promise
  return acc.then((accResult) => {
    // and then we return a new promise that will become
    // the new value for the accumulator
    return next().then((nextResult) => {
      // that eventually will resolve to a new array containing
      // the value of the two promises
      return accResult.concat(nextResult)
    })
  })
};
// the accumulator will always be a promise that resolves to an array
const accumulator = Promise.resolve([])

// we call reduce with the reduce function and the accumulator initial value
functions.reduce(promiseReduce, accumulator)
  .then((result) => {
    // let's display the final value here
    console.log('=== The final result ===')
    console.log(result)
  })

使用ES2016的async/await(可能还有ES2018的一些特性)，这可以简化为这样的形式:

function readFile(file) {
  ... // Returns a promise.
}

async function readFiles(files) {
  for (file in files) {
     await readFile(file)
  }
}

I haven't seen another answer express that simplicity. The OP said parallel execution of readFile was not desired. However, with IO like this it really makes sense to not be blocking on a single file read, while keeping the loop execution synchronous (you don't want to do the next step until all files have been read). Since I just learned about this and am a bit excited about it, I'll share that approach of parallel asynchronous execution of readFile with overall synchronous execution of readFiles.

async function readFiles(files) {
  await Promise.all(files.map(readFile))
}

这难道不是一件美好的事情吗?

这个问题很老了，但我们生活在ES6和函数式JavaScript的世界里，所以让我们看看如何改进。

因为承诺会立即执行，所以我们不能只创建一个承诺数组，它们会同时发射。

相反，我们需要创建一个返回承诺的函数数组。然后依次执行每个函数，然后在其中启动promise。

我们可以用几种方法来解决这个问题，但我最喜欢的方法是reduce。

把“减少”和“承诺”结合起来使用有点棘手，所以我把这句话分成了几个易于理解的小部分。

这个函数的本质是使用以promise .resolve([])或包含空数组的promise开头的reduce。

然后，这个承诺将作为承诺传递给reduce方法。这是将每个承诺按顺序连接在一起的关键。要执行的下一个promise是func，当then触发时，结果被连接起来，然后返回该promise，使用下一个promise函数执行reduce循环。

一旦执行了所有的promise，返回的promise将包含每个promise的所有结果的数组。

ES6示例(一行)

/*
 * serial executes Promises sequentially.
 * @param {funcs} An array of funcs that return promises.
 * @example
 * const urls = ['/url1', '/url2', '/url3']
 * serial(urls.map(url => () => $.ajax(url)))
 *     .then(console.log.bind(console))
 */
const serial = funcs =>
    funcs.reduce((promise, func) =>
        promise.then(result => func().then(Array.prototype.concat.bind(result))), Promise.resolve([]))

ES6示例(分解)

// broken down to for easier understanding

const concat = list => Array.prototype.concat.bind(list)
const promiseConcat = f => x => f().then(concat(x))
const promiseReduce = (acc, x) => acc.then(promiseConcat(x))
/*
 * serial executes Promises sequentially.
 * @param {funcs} An array of funcs that return promises.
 * @example
 * const urls = ['/url1', '/url2', '/url3']
 * serial(urls.map(url => () => $.ajax(url)))
 *     .then(console.log.bind(console))
 */
const serial = funcs => funcs.reduce(promiseReduce, Promise.resolve([]))

用法:

// first take your work
const urls = ['/url1', '/url2', '/url3', '/url4']

// next convert each item to a function that returns a promise
const funcs = urls.map(url => () => $.ajax(url))

// execute them serially
serial(funcs)
    .then(console.log.bind(console))

我想重复很多人说过的，解决这个问题的最好方法是使用async/await函数。我想重申这个解决方案，但是，也指出另一个解决方案，其中async/await不存在:

函数readFile(文件){ 返回新的Promise(函数(解析，拒绝){ console.log('模拟读取文件${file} '); setTimeout(决心,1000); }); ｝ (async函数(){ Let files = ["file1.txt"， "file2.txt"， "file3.txt"]; For (let file of files) 等待readFile(文件); }) ();

对于不支持async/await的JavaScript环境，我们可以选择使用https://babeljs.io来编译上面的内容，但要使用babel-plugin-transform-async-to-generator之类的插件。下面是使用插件的v6.24.1生成的:

function asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, key, arg) { try { var info = gen[key](arg); var value = info.value; } catch (error) { reject(error); return; } if (info.done) { resolve(value); } else { Promise.resolve(value).then(_next, _throw); } } function _asyncToGenerator(fn) { return function () { var self = this, args = arguments; return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { var gen = fn.apply(self, args); function _next(value) { asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, "next", value); } function _throw(err) { asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, "throw", err); } _next(undefined); }); }; } function readFile(file) { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { console.log(`Simulate reading of file ${file}`); setTimeout(resolve, 1000); }); } _asyncToGenerator(function* () { let files = ["file1.txt", "file2.txt", "file3.txt"]; for (let file of files) yield readFile(file); })();

如果你研究一下_asyncToGenerator()中发生了什么，你会发现它正在使用递归使用Promise链。您可以通过函数生成器提供Promise，因此，您可以专注于业务逻辑。

正如Bergi所注意到的，我认为最好的和明确的解决方案是使用蓝鸟。每个，代码如下:

const BlueBird = require('bluebird');
BlueBird.each(files, fs.readFileAsync);

这是对如何以更通用的方式处理承诺序列的扩展，支持基于spex的动态/无限序列。序列实现:

var $q = require("q");
var spex = require('spex')($q);

var files = []; // any dynamic source of files;

var readFile = function (file) {
    // returns a promise;
};

function source(index) {
    if (index < files.length) {
        return readFile(files[index]);
    }
}

function dest(index, data) {
    // data = resolved data from readFile;
}

spex.sequence(source, dest)
    .then(function (data) {
        // finished the sequence;
    })
    .catch(function (error) {
        // error;
    });

这种解决方案不仅适用于任何大小的序列，而且还可以轻松地向其添加数据节流和负载平衡。