创建一个.gitignore文件，包含所有你不想提交的文件和目录。

例子:

#################
## Eclipse
#################

*.pydevproject
.project
.metadata
.gradle
bin/
tmp/
target/
*.tmp
*.bak
*.swp
*~.nib
local.properties
.classpath
.settings/
.loadpath

# External tool builders
.externalToolBuilders/

# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"
*.launch

# CDT-specific
.cproject

# PDT-specific
.buildpath


#################
## Visual Studio
#################

## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and
## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.

# User-specific files
*.suo
*.user
*.sln.docstates

# Build results

[Dd]ebug/
[Rr]elease/
x64/
build/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/

# MSTest test Results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*

*_i.c
*_p.c
*.ilk
*.meta
*.obj
*.pch
*.pdb
*.pgc
*.pgd
*.rsp
*.sbr
*.tlb
*.tli
*.tlh
*.tmp
*.tmp_proj
*.log
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
.builds
*.pidb
*.log
*.scc

# Visual C++ cache files
ipch/
*.aps
*.ncb
*.opensdf
*.sdf
*.cachefile

# Visual Studio profiler
*.psess
*.vsp
*.vspx

# Guidance Automation Toolkit
*.gpState

# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper

# TeamCity is a build add-in
_TeamCity*

# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
*.dotCover

# NCrunch
*.ncrunch*
.*crunch*.local.xml

# Installshield output folder
[Ee]xpress/

# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
DocProject/buildhelp/
DocProject/Help/*.HxT
DocProject/Help/*.HxC
DocProject/Help/*.hhc
DocProject/Help/*.hhk
DocProject/Help/*.hhp
DocProject/Help/Html2
DocProject/Help/html

# Click-Once directory
publish/

# Publish Web Output
*.Publish.xml
*.pubxml

# NuGet Packages Directory
## TODO: If you have NuGet Package Restore enabled, uncomment the next line
#packages/

# Windows Azure Build Output
csx
*.build.csdef

# Windows Store app package directory
AppPackages/

# Others
sql/
*.Cache
ClientBin/
[Ss]tyle[Cc]op.*
~$*
*~
*.dbmdl
*.[Pp]ublish.xml
*.pfx
*.publishsettings

这是我个人最喜欢的，http://help.github.com/ignore-files/

另外，如果你想忽略Xcode文件，请参考Git忽略Xcode项目文件的答案。

macOS和Linux一行程序

一个简单的方法是在终端上使用curl命令来获得默认的Git忽略，而不需要创建/复制/粘贴。首先cd到你的项目根目录，然后运行命令，将MY_API_NAME替换为以下两个来源之一的API名称:

gitignore.io

curl -o .gitignore https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/MY_API_NAME

您可以通过在列表中搜索并单击Generate找到API名称。

Java示例:

curl -o .gitignore https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/java

GitHub

或者，你也可以在GitHub上使用。在这里找到API的文件名。

curl -o .gitignore https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/gitignore/master/MY_API_NAME.gitignore

Java示例:

curl -o .gitignore https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/gitignore/master/Java.gitignore

窗户

下面是一些类似的Windows替代品。

如何在Windows上安装/设置和使用cURL ? Wget/cURL替代本机Windows?

但说实话，设置这个看起来比它值得更多的麻烦。如果我有Windows，那么我只会在我的项目的根文件夹中创建一个名为.gitignore的空文件，然后复制并粘贴gitignore的默认文本。io或GitHub。

在Mac上

你可以创建一个新的文本文件。

使用https://www.gitignore.io/添加内容

保存文件，文件格式为-富文本文档与附件。

将文件名更改为.gitingore 并选择使用“。”当弹出弹出如图所示的图像。

注意:由于它是一个隐藏文件，您将无法在目录中看到它。但它会被创造出来。

创建一个.gitignore文件，包含所有你不想提交的文件和目录。

例子:

#################
## Eclipse
#################

*.pydevproject
.project
.metadata
.gradle
bin/
tmp/
target/
*.tmp
*.bak
*.swp
*~.nib
local.properties
.classpath
.settings/
.loadpath

# External tool builders
.externalToolBuilders/

# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"
*.launch

# CDT-specific
.cproject

# PDT-specific
.buildpath


#################
## Visual Studio
#################

## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and
## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.

# User-specific files
*.suo
*.user
*.sln.docstates

# Build results

[Dd]ebug/
[Rr]elease/
x64/
build/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/

# MSTest test Results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*

*_i.c
*_p.c
*.ilk
*.meta
*.obj
*.pch
*.pdb
*.pgc
*.pgd
*.rsp
*.sbr
*.tlb
*.tli
*.tlh
*.tmp
*.tmp_proj
*.log
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
.builds
*.pidb
*.log
*.scc

# Visual C++ cache files
ipch/
*.aps
*.ncb
*.opensdf
*.sdf
*.cachefile

# Visual Studio profiler
*.psess
*.vsp
*.vspx

# Guidance Automation Toolkit
*.gpState

# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper

# TeamCity is a build add-in
_TeamCity*

# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
*.dotCover

# NCrunch
*.ncrunch*
.*crunch*.local.xml

# Installshield output folder
[Ee]xpress/

# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
DocProject/buildhelp/
DocProject/Help/*.HxT
DocProject/Help/*.HxC
DocProject/Help/*.hhc
DocProject/Help/*.hhk
DocProject/Help/*.hhp
DocProject/Help/Html2
DocProject/Help/html

# Click-Once directory
publish/

# Publish Web Output
*.Publish.xml
*.pubxml

# NuGet Packages Directory
## TODO: If you have NuGet Package Restore enabled, uncomment the next line
#packages/

# Windows Azure Build Output
csx
*.build.csdef

# Windows Store app package directory
AppPackages/

# Others
sql/
*.Cache
ClientBin/
[Ss]tyle[Cc]op.*
~$*
*~
*.dbmdl
*.[Pp]ublish.xml
*.pfx
*.publishsettings

默认情况下，.gitignore文件不会添加到存储库中。使用vi或你最喜欢的文本编辑器创建。gitignore文件，然后发出git add .gitignore，后跟git commit -m "message" .gitignore。下面的命令将处理它。

> .gitignore
git add .gitignore
git commit -m "message" .gitignore