使用RecyclerView创建动态列表:

当我们创建一个RecyclerView时。适配器我们必须指定ViewHolder,它将绑定到适配器。

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private String[] mDataset;

    public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) {
        mDataset = myDataset;
    }

    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        public TextView mTextView;
        public ViewHolder(TextView v) {
            super(v);
            mTextView = v;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.some_layout, parent, false);

        //findViewById...

        ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);
        return vh;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mDataset.length;
    }
}

有可能创建多个视图类型的RecyclerView吗?


当前回答

是的,这是可能的。只需实现getItemViewType(),并照顾onCreateViewHolder()中的viewType参数。

所以你可以这样做:

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {
    class ViewHolder0 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ...
        public ViewHolder0(View itemView){
        ...
        }
    }

    class ViewHolder2 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ...
        public ViewHolder2(View itemView){
        ...
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        // Just as an example, return 0 or 2 depending on position
        // Note that unlike in ListView adapters, types don't have to be contiguous
        return position % 2 * 2;
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
         switch (viewType) {
             case 0: return new ViewHolder0(...);
             case 2: return new ViewHolder2(...);
             ...
         }
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, final int position) {
        switch (holder.getItemViewType()) {
            case 0:
                ViewHolder0 viewHolder0 = (ViewHolder0)holder;
                ...
                break;

            case 2:
                ViewHolder2 viewHolder2 = (ViewHolder2)holder;
                ...
                break;
        }
    }
}

其他回答

我有一个更好的解决方案,它允许以声明性和类型安全的方式创建多个视图类型。它是用Kotlin写的,顺便说一下,这真的很棒。

所有所需视图类型的简单视图持有者

class ViewHolderMedium(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
    val icon: ImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.icon) as ImageView
    val label: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.label) as TextView
}

有一个适配器数据项的抽象。注意,视图类型由特定视图持有者类(Kotlin中的KClass)的hashCode表示。

trait AdapterItem {
   val viewType: Int
   fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder)
}

abstract class AdapterItemBase<T>(val viewHolderClass: KClass<T>) : AdapterItem {
   override val viewType: Int = viewHolderClass.hashCode()
   abstract fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: T)
   override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder) {
       bindViewHolder(viewHolder as T)
   }
}

只有bindViewHolder需要在具体的适配器项类中重写(类型安全的方式)。

class AdapterItemMedium(val icon: Drawable, val label: String, val onClick: () -> Unit) : AdapterItemBase<ViewHolderMedium>(ViewHolderMedium::class) {
    override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: ViewHolderMedium) {
        viewHolder.icon.setImageDrawable(icon)
        viewHolder.label.setText(label)
        viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener { onClick() }
    }
}

这样的AdapterItemMedium对象的列表是适配器的数据源,它实际上接受List<AdapterItem>。见下文。

这个解决方案的重要部分是视图持有者工厂,它将提供特定ViewHolder的新实例:

class ViewHolderProvider {
    private val viewHolderFactories = hashMapOf<Int, Pair<Int, Any>>()

    fun provideViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        val (layoutId: Int, f: Any) = viewHolderFactories.get(viewType)
        val viewHolderFactory = f as (View) -> RecyclerView.ViewHolder
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(layoutId, viewGroup, false)
        return viewHolderFactory(view)
    }

    fun registerViewHolderFactory<T>(key: KClass<T>, layoutId: Int, viewHolderFactory: (View) -> T) {
        viewHolderFactories.put(key.hashCode(), Pair(layoutId, viewHolderFactory))
    }
}

简单的适配器类是这样的:

public class MultitypeAdapter(val items: List<AdapterItem>) : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {

   val viewHolderProvider = ViewHolderProvider() // inject ex Dagger2

   init {
        viewHolderProvider!!.registerViewHolderFactory(ViewHolderMedium::class, R.layout.item_medium, { itemView ->
            ViewHolderMedium(itemView)
        })
   }

   override fun getItemViewType(position: Int): Int {
        return items[position].viewType
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return items.size()
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder? {
        return viewHolderProvider!!.provideViewHolder(viewGroup, viewType)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        items[position].bindViewHolder(viewHolder)
    }
}

创建一个新的视图类型只需要三个步骤:

创建一个视图持有者类 创建一个适配器项类(从AdapterItemBase扩展) 在ViewHolderProvider中注册视图持有者类

下面是这个概念的一个例子:android-drawer-template。

它甚至更进一步—视图类型充当旋转组件,具有可选择的适配器项。

下面的代码不是伪代码。我已经测试过了,它对我很有效。

我想在我的recyclerview中创建一个headerview,然后在用户可以点击的标题下面显示一个图片列表。

我在我的代码中使用了一些开关,不知道这是否是最有效的方法,所以请随意给出您的评论:

   public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{

        //These are the general elements in the RecyclerView
        public TextView place;
        public ImageView pics;

        //This is the Header on the Recycler (viewType = 0)
        public TextView name, description;

        //This constructor would switch what to findViewBy according to the type of viewType
        public ViewHolder(View v, int viewType) {
            super(v);
            if (viewType == 0) {
                name = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.name);
                decsription = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.description);
            } else if (viewType == 1) {
                place = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.place);
                pics = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.pics);
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,
                                         int viewType)
    {
        View v;
        ViewHolder vh;
        // create a new view
        switch (viewType) {
            case 0: //This would be the header view in my Recycler
                v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                    .inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_welcome, parent, false);
                vh = new ViewHolder(v,viewType);
                return  vh;
            default: //This would be the normal list with the pictures of the places in the world
                v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_picture, parent, false);
                vh = new ViewHolder(v, viewType);
                v.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, nextActivity.class);
                        intent.putExtra("ListNo",mRecyclerView.getChildPosition(v));
                        mContext.startActivity(intent);
                    }
                });
                return vh;
        }
    }

    //Overridden so that I can display custom rows in the recyclerview
    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        int viewType = 1; //Default is 1
        if (position == 0) viewType = 0; //If zero, it will be a header view
        return viewType;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        //position == 0 means it's the info header view on the Recycler
        if (position == 0) {
            holder.name.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"name clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            holder.description.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"description clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            //This means it is beyond the headerview now as it is no longer 0. For testing purposes, I'm alternating between two pics for now
        } else if (position > 0) {
           holder.place.setText(mDataset[position]);
            if (position % 2 == 0) {
               holder.pics.setImageDrawable(mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.pic1));
            }
            if (position % 2 == 1) {
                holder.pics.setImageDrawable(mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.pic2));
            }
        }
    }

这是非常简单直接的。

只需在适配器中重写getItemViewType()方法。根据数据返回不同的itemViewType值。例如,考虑一个Person类型的对象,其成员为male,如果isMale为真,则返回1,isMale为假,则在getItemViewType()方法中返回2。

现在来到createViewHolder (ViewGroup parent, int viewType),在不同的viewType的基础上,你可以膨胀不同的布局文件。像下面这样:

 if (viewType == 1){
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.male, parent, false);
    return new AdapterMaleViewHolder(view);
}
else{
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.female, parent, false);
    return new AdapterFemaleViewHolder(view);
}

在onBindViewHolder (VH holder,int position)检查holder是AdapterFemaleViewHolder或AdapterMaleViewHolder的实例,并相应地分配值。

ViewHolder可能是这样的

    class AdapterMaleViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
            ...
            public AdapterMaleViewHolder(View itemView){
            ...
            }
        }

    class AdapterFemaleViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
         ...
         public AdapterFemaleViewHolder(View itemView){
            ...
         }
    }

如果有人有兴趣看看用Kotlin编写的超级简单的解决方案,请查看我刚刚创建的博客文章。博客中的例子是基于创建Sectioned RecyclerView的:

https://brona.blog/2020/06/sectioned-recyclerview-in-three-steps/

我推荐汉内斯·多夫曼的这个图书馆。它将所有与特定视图类型相关的逻辑封装在一个名为“AdapterDelegate”的单独对象中。

https://github.com/sockeqwe/AdapterDelegates

public class CatAdapterDelegate extends AdapterDelegate<List<Animal>> {

  private LayoutInflater inflater;

  public CatAdapterDelegate(Activity activity) {
    inflater = activity.getLayoutInflater();
  }

  @Override public boolean isForViewType(@NonNull List<Animal> items, int position) {
    return items.get(position) instanceof Cat;
  }

  @NonNull @Override public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent) {
    return new CatViewHolder(inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_cat, parent, false));
  }

  @Override public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull List<Animal> items, int position,
      @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, @Nullable List<Object> payloads) {

    CatViewHolder vh = (CatViewHolder) holder;
    Cat cat = (Cat) items.get(position);

    vh.name.setText(cat.getName());
  }

  static class CatViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    public TextView name;

    public CatViewHolder(View itemView) {
      super(itemView);
      name = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.name);
    }
  }
}

public class AnimalAdapter extends ListDelegationAdapter<List<Animal>> {

  public AnimalAdapter(Activity activity, List<Animal> items) {

    // DelegatesManager is a protected Field in ListDelegationAdapter
    delegatesManager.addDelegate(new CatAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(new DogAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(new GeckoAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(23, new SnakeAdapterDelegate(activity));

    // Set the items from super class.
    setItems(items);
  }
}