我如何在Swift中生成一个随机的字母数字字符串?


当前回答

迅速:

let randomString = NSUUID().uuidString

其他回答

func randomUIDString(_ wlength: Int) -> String {

    let letters : NSString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
    var randomString = ""

    for _ in 0 ..< wlength {
        let length = UInt32 (letters.length)
        let rand = arc4random_uniform(length)
        randomString = randomString.appendingFormat("%C", letters.character(at: Int(rand)));
    }

    return randomString
}

如果您只需要一个唯一标识符UUID()。uuidString可以满足您的需求。

Swift 4.2更新

Swift 4.2在处理随机值和元素方面进行了重大改进。你可以在这里阅读更多关于这些改进的信息。以下是简化为几行的方法:

func randomString(length: Int) -> String {
  let letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
  return String((0..<length).map{ _ in letters.randomElement()! })
}

Swift 3.0升级

func randomString(length: Int) -> String {

    let letters : NSString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
    let len = UInt32(letters.length)

    var randomString = ""

    for _ in 0 ..< length {
        let rand = arc4random_uniform(len)
        var nextChar = letters.character(at: Int(rand))
        randomString += NSString(characters: &nextChar, length: 1) as String
    }

    return randomString
}

最初的回答:

func randomStringWithLength (len : Int) -> NSString {

    let letters : NSString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"

    var randomString : NSMutableString = NSMutableString(capacity: len)

    for (var i=0; i < len; i++){
        var length = UInt32 (letters.length)
        var rand = arc4random_uniform(length)
        randomString.appendFormat("%C", letters.characterAtIndex(Int(rand)))
    }

    return randomString
}

简单快捷——UUID().uuidString

//返回由UUID创建的字符串,例如"E621E1F8-C36C-495A-93FC-0C247A3E6E5F" uuidString:字符串{get} https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/uuid

斯威夫特3.0

let randomString = UUID().uuidString //0548CD07-7E2B-412B-AD69-5B2364644433
print(randomString.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: ""))
//0548CD077E2B412BAD695B2364644433

EDIT

请不要与UIDevice.current.identifierForVendor混淆。uuidString它不会给出随机值。

免费循环,尽管它被限制在43个字符。如果你需要更多,可以修改。与单独使用UUID相比,这种方法有两个优点:

“更大的熵”使用小写字母,因为UUID()只生成大写字母 UUID最大长度为36个字符(包括4个连字符),不包含连字符的长度为32个字符。你应该需要更长的东西,或不希望连字符包括,使用base64EncodedString处理这个

此外,该函数使用UInt来避免负数。

 func generateRandom(size: UInt) -> String {
        let prefixSize = Int(min(size, 43))
        let uuidString = UUID().uuidString.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "")
        return String(Data(uuidString.utf8)
            .base64EncodedString()
            .replacingOccurrences(of: "=", with: "")
            .prefix(prefixSize))
    }

在循环中调用它来检查输出:

for _ in 0...10 {
    print(generateRandom(size: 32))
}

生产:

Nzk3NjgzMTdBQ0FBNDFCNzk2MDRENzZF
MUI5RURDQzE1RTdCNDA3RDg2MTI4QkQx
M0I3MjJBRjVFRTYyNDFCNkI5OUM1RUVC
RDA1RDZGQ0IzQjI1NDdGREI3NDgxM0Mx
NjcyNUQyOThCNzhCNEVFQTk1RTQ3NTIy
MDkwRTQ0RjFENUFGNEFDOTgyQTUxODI0
RDU2OTNBOUJGMDE4NDhEODlCNEQ1NjZG
RjM2MTUxRjM4RkY3NDU2OUFDOTI0Nzkz
QzUwOTE1N0U1RDVENDE4OEE5NTM2Rjcy
Nzk4QkMxNUJEMjYwNDJDQjhBQkY5QkY5
ODhFNjU0MDVEMUI2NEI5QUIyNjNCNkVF