我如何在Swift中生成一个随机的字母数字字符串?
当前回答
这里有一个Swiftier语法的现成解决方案。你可以简单地复制粘贴它:
func randomAlphaNumericString(length: Int) -> String {
let allowedChars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
let allowedCharsCount = UInt32(allowedChars.characters.count)
var randomString = ""
for _ in 0 ..< length {
let randomNum = Int(arc4random_uniform(allowedCharsCount))
let randomIndex = allowedChars.index(allowedChars.startIndex, offsetBy: randomNum)
let newCharacter = allowedChars[randomIndex]
randomString += String(newCharacter)
}
return randomString
}
如果你喜欢一个框架,也有一些更方便的功能,然后随时签出我的项目handysswift。它还包括一个漂亮的随机字母数字字符串的解决方案:
String(randomWithLength: 8, allowedCharactersType: .alphaNumeric) // => "2TgM5sUG"
其他回答
这里有一个Swiftier语法的现成解决方案。你可以简单地复制粘贴它:
func randomAlphaNumericString(length: Int) -> String {
let allowedChars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
let allowedCharsCount = UInt32(allowedChars.characters.count)
var randomString = ""
for _ in 0 ..< length {
let randomNum = Int(arc4random_uniform(allowedCharsCount))
let randomIndex = allowedChars.index(allowedChars.startIndex, offsetBy: randomNum)
let newCharacter = allowedChars[randomIndex]
randomString += String(newCharacter)
}
return randomString
}
如果你喜欢一个框架,也有一些更方便的功能,然后随时签出我的项目handysswift。它还包括一个漂亮的随机字母数字字符串的解决方案:
String(randomWithLength: 8, allowedCharactersType: .alphaNumeric) // => "2TgM5sUG"
针对Swift 3.0
func randomString(_ length: Int) -> String {
let letters : NSString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
let len = UInt32(letters.length)
var randomString = ""
for _ in 0 ..< length {
let rand = arc4random_uniform(len)
var nextChar = letters.character(at: Int(rand))
randomString += NSString(characters: &nextChar, length: 1) as String
}
return randomString
}
斯威夫特5.6
此函数生成一个以36为基数的10位数字,然后将其作为字母数字字符串返回。
func randomCode(length: Int) -> String {
let radix = 36 // = 10 digits + 26 letters
let number = Int.random(in: 0..<(pow(radix, length)))
return String(number, radix: radix, uppercase: true)
}
或者如果你不希望代码以“0”开头:
func randomCode(length: Int) -> String {
let radix = 36 // = 10 digits + 26 letters
let range = (pow(radix, length)/2)..<(pow(radix, length))
let number = Int.random(in: range)
return String(number, radix: radix, uppercase: true)
}
这是我能想到的最快的解决办法。斯威夫特3.0
extension String {
static func random(length: Int) -> String {
let letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
let randomLength = UInt32(letters.characters.count)
let randomString: String = (0 ..< length).reduce(String()) { accum, _ in
let randomOffset = arc4random_uniform(randomLength)
let randomIndex = letters.index(letters.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomOffset))
return accum.appending(String(letters[randomIndex]))
}
return randomString
}
}
你也可以这样使用它:
extension String {
static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {
let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
var randomString: String = ""
for _ in 0..<length {
let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.characters.count))
randomString += "\(base[base.startIndex.advancedBy(Int(randomValue))])"
}
return randomString
}
}
简单的用法:
let randomString = String.random()
Swift 3语法:
extension String {
static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {
let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
var randomString: String = ""
for _ in 0..<length {
let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.characters.count))
randomString += "\(base[base.index(base.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomValue))])"
}
return randomString
}
}
Swift 4语法:
extension String {
static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {
let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
var randomString: String = ""
for _ in 0..<length {
let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.count))
randomString += "\(base[base.index(base.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomValue))])"
}
return randomString
}
}