SQL Server有哪些隐藏特性?

例如,没有文档的系统存储过程,做一些非常有用但没有足够文档的事情的技巧?


答案

感谢大家的精彩回答!

存储过程

sp_msforeachtable: Runs a command with '?' replaced with each table name (v6.5 and up) sp_msforeachdb: Runs a command with '?' replaced with each database name (v7 and up) sp_who2: just like sp_who, but with a lot more info for troubleshooting blocks (v7 and up) sp_helptext: If you want the code of a stored procedure, view & UDF sp_tables: return a list of all tables and views of database in scope. sp_stored_procedures: return a list of all stored procedures xp_sscanf: Reads data from the string into the argument locations specified by each format argument. xp_fixeddrives:: Find the fixed drive with largest free space sp_help: If you want to know the table structure, indexes and constraints of a table. Also views and UDFs. Shortcut is Alt+F1

片段

Returning rows in random order All database User Objects by Last Modified Date Return Date Only Find records which date falls somewhere inside the current week. Find records which date occurred last week. Returns the date for the beginning of the current week. Returns the date for the beginning of last week. See the text of a procedure that has been deployed to a server Drop all connections to the database Table Checksum Row Checksum Drop all the procedures in a database Re-map the login Ids correctly after restore Call Stored Procedures from an INSERT statement Find Procedures By Keyword Drop all the procedures in a database Query the transaction log for a database programmatically.

功能

哈希字节() EncryptByKey 枢轴命令

Misc

Connection String extras TableDiff.exe Triggers for Logon Events (New in Service Pack 2) Boosting performance with persisted-computed-columns (pcc). DEFAULT_SCHEMA setting in sys.database_principles Forced Parameterization Vardecimal Storage Format Figuring out the most popular queries in seconds Scalable Shared Databases Table/Stored Procedure Filter feature in SQL Management Studio Trace flags Number after a GO repeats the batch Security using schemas Encryption using built in encryption functions, views and base tables with triggers


当前回答

CTRL-E在查询分析器中执行当前选择的文本。

其他回答

在SQL Server 2005/2008中显示SELECT查询结果中的行号:

SELECT ( ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OrderId) ) AS RowNumber,
        GrandTotal, CustomerId, PurchaseDate
FROM Orders

ORDER BY是一个强制性条款。OVER()子句告诉SQL引擎对指定列(在本例中为OrderId)上的数据进行排序,并根据排序结果分配数字。

因为我是程序员,而不是DBA,所以我最喜欢的隐藏特性是SMO库。从数据库/表/列的创建和删除,到脚本编写,再到备份和恢复,在SQL Server中几乎任何事情都可以自动化。如果你能在SQL Server Management Studio中完成它,你也可以在SMO中自动化它。

我用来将这个存储过程添加到主数据库,

改进:

修剪主机名,这样复制粘贴就可以在VNC上工作。 增加了一个LOCK选项,用于查看当前锁定的进程。

用法:

EXEC sp_who3 'ACTIVE' EXEC sp_who3 'LOCK' EXEC sp_who3 spid_No

就是这样。

CREATE procedure sp_who3
       @loginame sysname = NULL --or 'active' or 'lock'
as

declare  @spidlow   int,
         @spidhigh  int,
         @spid      int,
         @sid       varbinary(85)

select   @spidlow   =     0
        ,@spidhigh  = 32767


if @loginame is not NULL begin
    if upper(@loginame) = 'ACTIVE' begin
        select spid, ecid, status
            , loginame=rtrim(loginame)
            , hostname=rtrim(hostname)
            , blk=convert(char(5),blocked)
            , dbname = case
                            when dbid = 0 then null
                            when dbid <> 0 then db_name(dbid)
                        end
              ,cmd
        from  master.dbo.sysprocesses
        where spid >= @spidlow and spid <= @spidhigh AND
              upper(cmd) <> 'AWAITING COMMAND'
        return (0)
    end
    if upper(@loginame) = 'LOCK' begin
        select spid , ecid, status
            , loginame=rtrim(loginame)
            , hostname=rtrim(hostname)
            , blk=convert(char(5),blocked)
            , dbname = case
                            when dbid = 0 then null
                            when dbid <> 0 then db_name(dbid)
                        end
              ,cmd
        from  master.dbo.sysprocesses
        where spid >= 0 and spid <= 32767 AND
              upper(cmd) <> 'AWAITING COMMAND'
        AND convert(char(5),blocked) > 0
        return (0)
    end

end

if (@loginame is not NULL
   AND  upper(@loginame) <> 'ACTIVE'
   )
begin
    if (@loginame like '[0-9]%')    -- is a spid.
    begin
        select @spid = convert(int, @loginame)
        select spid, ecid, status
            , loginame=rtrim(loginame)
            , hostname=rtrim(hostname)
            , blk=convert(char(5),blocked)
            , dbname = case
                            when dbid = 0 then null
                            when dbid <> 0 then db_name(dbid)
                        end
              ,cmd
        from  master.dbo.sysprocesses
        where spid = @spid
    end
    else
    begin
        select @sid = suser_sid(@loginame)
        if (@sid is null)
        begin
            raiserror(15007,-1,-1,@loginame)
            return (1)
        end
        select spid, ecid, status
            , loginame=rtrim(loginame)
            , hostname=rtrim(hostname)
            , blk=convert(char(5),blocked)
            , dbname = case
                            when dbid = 0 then null
                            when dbid <> 0 then db_name(dbid)
                        end
               ,cmd
        from  master.dbo.sysprocesses
        where sid = @sid
    end
    return (0)
end


/* loginame arg is null */
select spid,
       ecid,
       status
       , loginame=rtrim(loginame)
       , hostname=rtrim(hostname)
       , blk=convert(char(5),blocked)
       , dbname = case
                    when dbid = 0 then null
                    when dbid <> 0 then db_name(dbid)
                end
       ,cmd
from  master.dbo.sysprocesses
where spid >= @spidlow and spid <= @spidhigh


return (0) -- sp_who

Sp_lock:显示当前所有锁。返回的数据还可以进一步查询:

Spid -与sp_who一起使用它来查看谁拥有锁。

Objid -与select object_name(Objid)一起使用,查看哪个数据库对象被锁定。

批分离器

大多数人都不知道“GO”不是SQL命令。它是客户端工具使用的默认批处理分隔符。你可以在Books Online找到更多信息。

您可以通过在Management Studio中选择“Tools -> Options”,并在“查询执行”部分更改批量分隔符选项来更改批量分隔符选项。

我不知道为什么你想这样做,除了作为一个恶作剧,但这是一个有点有趣的琐事。