是否有一种通过jQuery（或不使用）检索查询字符串值的无插件方法？
如果是，怎么办？如果没有，是否有插件可以这样做？
当前回答
可靠地做这件事比一开始想象的要复杂得多。
其他答案中使用的location.search很脆弱，应该避免使用-例如，如果有人搞砸了，并在？查询字符串。在我看来，URL在浏览器中自动转义的方式有很多种，这使得decodeURIComponent非常强制性。许多查询字符串是由用户输入生成的，这意味着对URL内容的假设非常糟糕。包括非常基本的东西，比如每个键都是唯一的，甚至有一个值。
为了解决这个问题，这里提供了一个可配置的API，并提供了健康的防御性编程。请注意，如果您愿意对某些变量进行硬编码，或者如果输入不能包含hasOwnProperty等，则可以将其大小减半。
版本1：返回包含每个参数的名称和值的数据对象。它有效地消除了重复，并始终尊重从左到右找到的第一个。
function getQueryData(url, paramKey, pairKey, missingValue, decode) {
var query, queryStart, fragStart, pairKeyStart, i, len, name, value, result;
if (!url || typeof url !== 'string') {
url = location.href; // more robust than location.search, which is flaky
}
if (!paramKey || typeof paramKey !== 'string') {
paramKey = '&';
}
if (!pairKey || typeof pairKey !== 'string') {
pairKey = '=';
}
// when you do not explicitly tell the API...
if (arguments.length < 5) {
// it will unescape parameter keys and values by default...
decode = true;
}
queryStart = url.indexOf('?');
if (queryStart >= 0) {
// grab everything after the very first ? question mark...
query = url.substring(queryStart + 1);
} else {
// assume the input is already parameter data...
query = url;
}
// remove fragment identifiers...
fragStart = query.indexOf('#');
if (fragStart >= 0) {
// remove everything after the first # hash mark...
query = query.substring(0, fragStart);
}
// make sure at this point we have enough material to do something useful...
if (query.indexOf(paramKey) >= 0 || query.indexOf(pairKey) >= 0) {
// we no longer need the whole query, so get the parameters...
query = query.split(paramKey);
result = {};
// loop through the parameters...
for (i = 0, len = query.length; i < len; i = i + 1) {
pairKeyStart = query[i].indexOf(pairKey);
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
name = query[i].substring(0, pairKeyStart);
} else {
name = query[i];
}
// only continue for non-empty names that we have not seen before...
if (name && !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(result, name)) {
if (decode) {
// unescape characters with special meaning like ? and #
name = decodeURIComponent(name);
}
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
value = query[i].substring(pairKeyStart + 1);
if (value) {
if (decode) {
value = decodeURIComponent(value);
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
result[name] = value;
}
}
return result;
}
}
版本2：返回一个具有两个相同长度数组的数据映射对象，一个用于名称，另一个用于值，每个参数都有一个索引。此格式支持重复名称，并故意不消除重复名称，因为这可能就是您希望使用此格式的原因。
function getQueryData(url, paramKey, pairKey, missingValue, decode) {
var query, queryStart, fragStart, pairKeyStart, i, len, name, value, result;
if (!url || typeof url !== 'string') {
url = location.href; // more robust than location.search, which is flaky
}
if (!paramKey || typeof paramKey !== 'string') {
paramKey = '&';
}
if (!pairKey || typeof pairKey !== 'string') {
pairKey = '=';
}
// when you do not explicitly tell the API...
if (arguments.length < 5) {
// it will unescape parameter keys and values by default...
decode = true;
}
queryStart = url.indexOf('?');
if (queryStart >= 0) {
// grab everything after the very first ? question mark...
query = url.substring(queryStart + 1);
} else {
// assume the input is already parameter data...
query = url;
}
// remove fragment identifiers...
fragStart = query.indexOf('#');
if (fragStart >= 0) {
// remove everything after the first # hash mark...
query = query.substring(0, fragStart);
}
// make sure at this point we have enough material to do something useful...
if (query.indexOf(paramKey) >= 0 || query.indexOf(pairKey) >= 0) {
// we no longer need the whole query, so get the parameters...
query = query.split(paramKey);
result = {
names: [],
values: []
};
// loop through the parameters...
for (i = 0, len = query.length; i < len; i = i + 1) {
pairKeyStart = query[i].indexOf(pairKey);
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
name = query[i].substring(0, pairKeyStart);
} else {
name = query[i];
}
// only continue for non-empty names...
if (name) {
if (decode) {
// unescape characters with special meaning like ? and #
name = decodeURIComponent(name);
}
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
value = query[i].substring(pairKeyStart + 1);
if (value) {
if (decode) {
value = decodeURIComponent(value);
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
result.names.push(name);
result.values.push(value);
}
}
return result;
}
}
其他回答
这将从URL字符串中解析变量AND数组。它既不使用正则表达式，也不使用任何外部库。
function url2json(url) {
var obj={};
function arr_vals(arr){
if (arr.indexOf(',') > 1){
var vals = arr.slice(1, -1).split(',');
var arr = [];
for (var i = 0; i < vals.length; i++)
arr[i]=vals[i];
return arr;
}
else
return arr.slice(1, -1);
}
function eval_var(avar){
if (!avar[1])
obj[avar[0]] = '';
else
if (avar[1].indexOf('[') == 0)
obj[avar[0]] = arr_vals(avar[1]);
else
obj[avar[0]] = avar[1];
}
if (url.indexOf('?') > -1){
var params = url.split('?')[1];
if(params.indexOf('&') > 2){
var vars = params.split('&');
for (var i in vars)
eval_var(vars[i].split('='));
}
else
eval_var(params.split('='));
}
return obj;
}
例子：
var url = "http://www.x.com?luckyNums=[31,21,6]&name=John&favFoods=[pizza]&noVal"
console.log(url2json(url));
输出：
[object]
noVal: ""
favFoods: "pizza"
name: "John"
luckyNums:
0: "31"
1: "21"
2: "6"
Artem Barger回答的改进版本：
function getParameterByName(name) {
var match = RegExp('[?&]' + name + '=([^&]*)').exec(window.location.search);
return match && decodeURIComponent(match[1].replace(/\+/g, ' '));
}
有关改进的更多信息，请参阅：http://james.padolsey.com/javascript/bujs-1-getparameterbyname/
我使用以下代码（JavaScript）获取通过URL传递的内容：
function getUrlVars() {
var vars = {};
var parts = window.location.href.replace(/[?&]+([^=&]+)=([^&]*)/gi, function(m,key,value) {
vars[key] = value;
});
return vars;
}
然后，要将值分配给变量，只需指定要获取的参数，例如，如果URL是example.com/？I=1&p=2&f=3
您可以执行此操作以获取值：
var getI = getUrlVars()["I"];
var getP = getUrlVars()["p"];
var getF = getUrlVars()["f"];
则值将为：
getI = 1, getP = 2 and getF = 3
我认为这是实现这一点的准确和简洁的方法（修改自http://css-tricks.com/snippets/javascript/get-url-variables/):
function getQueryVariable(variable) {
var query = window.location.search.substring(1), // Remove the ? from the query string.
vars = query.split("&"); // Split all values by ampersand.
for (var i = 0; i < vars.length; i++) { // Loop through them...
var pair = vars[i].split("="); // Split the name from the value.
if (pair[0] == variable) { // Once the requested value is found...
return ( pair[1] == undefined ) ? null : pair[1]; // Return null if there is no value (no equals sign), otherwise return the value.
}
}
return undefined; // Wasn't found.
}
以下是我正在使用的：
/**
* Examples:
* getUrlParams()['myparam'] // url defaults to the current page
* getUrlParams(url)['myparam'] // url can be just a query string
*
* Results of calling `getUrlParams(url)['myparam']` with various urls:
* example.com (undefined)
* example.com? (undefined)
* example.com?myparam (empty string)
* example.com?myparam= (empty string)
* example.com?myparam=0 (the string '0')
* example.com?myparam=0&myparam=override (the string 'override')
*
* Origin: http://stackoverflow.com/a/23946023/2407309
*/
function getUrlParams (url) {
var urlParams = {} // return value
var queryString = getQueryString()
if (queryString) {
var keyValuePairs = queryString.split('&')
for (var i = 0; i < keyValuePairs.length; i++) {
var keyValuePair = keyValuePairs[i].split('=')
var paramName = keyValuePair[0]
var paramValue = keyValuePair[1] || ''
urlParams[paramName] = decodeURIComponent(paramValue.replace(/\+/g, ' '))
}
}
return urlParams // functions below
function getQueryString () {
var reducedUrl = url || window.location.search
reducedUrl = reducedUrl.split('#')[0] // Discard fragment identifier.
var queryString = reducedUrl.split('?')[1]
if (!queryString) {
if (reducedUrl.search('=') !== false) { // URL is a query string.
queryString = reducedUrl
}
}
return queryString
} // getQueryString
} // getUrlParams
在最后一种情况下，返回“override”而不是“0”使其与PHP一致。在IE7中工作。
