是否有一种通过jQuery(或不使用)检索查询字符串值的无插件方法?

如果是,怎么办?如果没有,是否有插件可以这样做?


当前回答

从MDN:

function loadPageVar (sVar) {
  return unescape(window.location.search.replace(new RegExp("^(?:.*[&\\?]" + escape(sVar).replace(/[\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "(?:\\=([^&]*))?)?.*$", "i"), "$1"));
}

alert(loadPageVar("name"));

其他回答

我经常使用正则表达式,但并非如此。

在我的应用程序中读取一次查询字符串,并从所有键/值对构建一个对象,对我来说似乎更容易、更有效,比如:

var search = function() {
  var s = window.location.search.substr(1),
    p = s.split(/\&/), l = p.length, kv, r = {};
  if (l === 0) {return false;}
  while (l--) {
    kv = p[l].split(/\=/);
    r[kv[0]] = decodeURIComponent(kv[1] || '') || true;
  }
  return r;
}();

对于URL,如http://example.com?param1=val1&param2=val2您可以稍后在代码中以search.param1和search.param2的形式获取它们的值。

如果您使用Browserify,则可以使用Node.js中的url模块:

var url = require('url');

url.parse('http://example.com/?bob=123', true).query;

// returns { "bob": "123" }

进一步阅读:URL Node.js v0.12.2手册和文档

编辑:您可以使用URL界面,它在几乎所有新浏览器中都被广泛采用,如果代码将在旧浏览器上运行,您可以使用像这样的polyfill。下面是一个关于如何使用URL接口获取查询参数(也称为搜索参数)的代码示例

const url = new URL('http://example.com/?bob=123');
url.searchParams.get('bob'); 

您也可以使用URLSearchParams进行搜索,下面是MDN的一个使用URLSearchParams进行搜索的示例:

var paramsString = "q=URLUtils.searchParams&topic=api";
var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(paramsString);

//Iterate the search parameters.
for (let p of searchParams) {
  console.log(p);
}

searchParams.has("topic") === true; // true
searchParams.get("topic") === "api"; // true
searchParams.getAll("topic"); // ["api"]
searchParams.get("foo") === null; // true
searchParams.append("topic", "webdev");
searchParams.toString(); // "q=URLUtils.searchParams&topic=api&topic=webdev"
searchParams.set("topic", "More webdev");
searchParams.toString(); // "q=URLUtils.searchParams&topic=More+webdev"
searchParams.delete("topic");
searchParams.toString(); // "q=URLUtils.searchParams"

我喜欢这个(摘自jqueryhowto.blogspot.co.uk):

// get an array with all querystring values
// example: var valor = getUrlVars()["valor"];
function getUrlVars() {
    var vars = [], hash;
    var hashes = window.location.href.slice(window.location.href.indexOf('?') + 1).split('&');
    for (var i = 0; i < hashes.length; i++) {
        hash = hashes[i].split('=');
        vars.push(hash[0]);
        vars[hash[0]] = hash[1];
    }
    return vars;
}

对我来说很棒。

ES2015(ES6)

getQueryStringParams = query => {
    return query
        ? (/^[?#]/.test(query) ? query.slice(1) : query)
            .split('&')
            .reduce((params, param) => {
                    let [key, value] = param.split('=');
                    params[key] = value ? decodeURIComponent(value.replace(/\+/g, ' ')) : '';
                    return params;
                }, {}
            )
        : {}
};

没有jQuery

var qs = (function(a) {
    if (a == "") return {};
    var b = {};
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i)
    {
        var p=a[i].split('=', 2);
        if (p.length == 1)
            b[p[0]] = "";
        else
            b[p[0]] = decodeURIComponent(p[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
    }
    return b;
})(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'));

URL如下?topic=123&name=query+string,将返回以下内容:

qs["topic"];    // 123
qs["name"];     // query string
qs["nothere"];  // undefined (object)

Google方法

撕扯谷歌的代码,我找到了他们使用的方法:getUrlParameters

function (b) {
    var c = typeof b === "undefined";
    if (a !== h && c) return a;
    for (var d = {}, b = b || k[B][vb], e = b[p]("?"), f = b[p]("#"), b = (f === -1 ? b[Ya](e + 1) : [b[Ya](e + 1, f - e - 1), "&", b[Ya](f + 1)][K](""))[z]("&"), e = i.dd ? ia : unescape, f = 0, g = b[w]; f < g; ++f) {
        var l = b[f][p]("=");
        if (l !== -1) {
            var q = b[f][I](0, l),
                l = b[f][I](l + 1),
                l = l[Ca](/\+/g, " ");
            try {
                d[q] = e(l)
            } catch (A) {}
        }
    }
    c && (a = d);
    return d
}

这是模糊的,但可以理解。它无法工作,因为某些变量未定义。

他们开始在url上查找参数?并且还从散列#中。然后,对于每个参数,它们以等号b[f][p](“=”)分割(看起来像indexOf,它们使用字符的位置来获取键/值)。拆分后,他们检查参数是否有值,如果有值,则存储d的值,否则继续。

最后返回对象d,处理转义和+符号。这个对象和我的一样,它有相同的行为。


我的方法作为jQuery插件

(function($) {
    $.QueryString = (function(paramsArray) {
        let params = {};

        for (let i = 0; i < paramsArray.length; ++i)
        {
            let param = paramsArray[i]
                .split('=', 2);
            
            if (param.length !== 2)
                continue;
            
            params[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
        }
            
        return params;
    })(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'))
})(jQuery);

用法

//Get a param
$.QueryString.param
//-or-
$.QueryString["param"]
//This outputs something like...
//"val"

//Get all params as object
$.QueryString
//This outputs something like...
//Object { param: "val", param2: "val" }

//Set a param (only in the $.QueryString object, doesn't affect the browser's querystring)
$.QueryString.param = "newvalue"
//This doesn't output anything, it just updates the $.QueryString object

//Convert object into string suitable for url a querystring (Requires jQuery)
$.param($.QueryString)
//This outputs something like...
//"param=newvalue&param2=val"

//Update the url/querystring in the browser's location bar with the $.QueryString object
history.replaceState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));
//-or-
history.pushState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));

性能测试(针对正则表达式方法的拆分方法)(jsPerf)

准备代码:方法声明

拆分测试代码

var qs = window.GetQueryString(query);

var search = qs["q"];
var value = qs["value"];
var undef = qs["undefinedstring"];

Regex测试代码

var search = window.getParameterByName("q");
var value = window.getParameterByName("value");
var undef = window.getParameterByName("undefinedstring");

在Windows Server 2008 R2/7 x64上的Firefox 4.0 x86中测试

拆分方法:最快144780±2.17%Regex方法:13891±0.85%|90%慢

这些都是很好的答案,但我需要一些更强大的东西,我想你们可能都想拥有我创造的东西。

这是一种简单的库方法,可以对URL参数进行剖析和操作。静态方法有以下子方法,可以在主题URL上调用:

获取主机获取路径获取哈希setHash获取参数获取查询setParam(设置参数)获取参数hasParamremoveParam(删除参数)

例子:

URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1')

var url = "http://www.example.com/folder/mypage.html?myparam1=1&myparam2=2#something";

function URLParser(u){
    var path="",query="",hash="",params;
    if(u.indexOf("#") > 0){
        hash = u.substr(u.indexOf("#") + 1);
        u = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("#"));
    }
    if(u.indexOf("?") > 0){
        path = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("?"));
        query = u.substr(u.indexOf("?") + 1);
        params= query.split('&');
    }else
        path = u;
    return {
        getHost: function(){
            var hostexp = /\/\/([\w.-]*)/;
            var match = hostexp.exec(path);
            if (match != null && match.length > 1)
                return match[1];
            return "";
        },
        getPath: function(){
            var pathexp = /\/\/[\w.-]*(?:\/([^?]*))/;
            var match = pathexp.exec(path);
            if (match != null && match.length > 1)
                return match[1];
            return "";
        },
        getHash: function(){
            return hash;
        },
        getParams: function(){
            return params
        },
        getQuery: function(){
            return query;
        },
        setHash: function(value){
            if(query.length > 0)
                query = "?" + query;
            if(value.length > 0)
                query = query + "#" + value;
            return path + query;
        },
        setParam: function(name, value){
            if(!params){
                params= new Array();
            }
            params.push(name + '=' + value);
            for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                if(query.length > 0)
                    query += "&";
                query += params[i];
            }
            if(query.length > 0)
                query = "?" + query;
            if(hash.length > 0)
                query = query + "#" + hash;
            return path + query;
        },
        getParam: function(name){
            if(params){
                for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                    var pair = params[i].split('=');
                    if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
                        return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]);
                }
            }
            console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
        },
        hasParam: function(name){
            if(params){
                for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                    var pair = params[i].split('=');
                    if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
                        return true;
                }
            }
            console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
        },
        removeParam: function(name){
            query = "";
            if(params){
                var newparams = new Array();
                for (var i = 0;i < params.length;i++) {
                    var pair = params[i].split('=');
                    if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) != name)
                          newparams .push(params[i]);
                }
                params = newparams;
                for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                    if(query.length > 0)
                        query += "&";
                    query += params[i];
                }
            }
            if(query.length > 0)
                query = "?" + query;
            if(hash.length > 0)
                query = query + "#" + hash;
            return path + query;
        },
    }
}

document.write("Host: " + URLParser(url).getHost() + '<br>');
document.write("Path: " + URLParser(url).getPath() + '<br>');
document.write("Query: " + URLParser(url).getQuery() + '<br>');
document.write("Hash: " + URLParser(url).getHash() + '<br>');
document.write("Params Array: " + URLParser(url).getParams() + '<br>');
document.write("Param: " + URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write("Has Param: " + URLParser(url).hasParam('myparam1') + '<br>');

document.write(url + '<br>');

// Remove the first parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam1');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the first parameter<br>');

// Add a third parameter
url = URLParser(url).setParam('myparam3',3);
document.write(url + ' - Add a third parameter<br>');

// Remove the second parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam2');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the second parameter<br>');

// Add a hash
url = URLParser(url).setHash('newhash');
document.write(url + ' - Set Hash<br>');

// Remove the last parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the last parameter<br>');

// Remove a parameter that doesn't exist
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove a parameter that doesn\"t exist<br>');