如果我有一个用Java实现Map接口的对象,并且我希望对其中包含的每一对进行迭代,那么最有效的方法是什么?

元素的顺序是否取决于我对接口的特定映射实现?


当前回答

使用Java 7

Map<String,String> sampleMap = new HashMap<>();
for (sampleMap.Entry<String,String> entry : sampleMap.entrySet()) {
    String key = entry.getKey();
    String value = entry.getValue();

    /* your Code as per the Business Justification  */

}

使用Java 8

Map<String,String> sampleMap = new HashMap<>();

sampleMap.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println("Key is :  " + k + " Value is :  " + v));

其他回答

是的,顺序取决于特定的Map实现。

@ScArcher2具有更优雅的Java 1.5语法。在1.4中,我会这样做:

Iterator entries = myMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (entries.hasNext()) {
  Entry thisEntry = (Entry) entries.next();
  Object key = thisEntry.getKey();
  Object value = thisEntry.getValue();
  // ...
}

在Map中,可以根据自己的兴趣对键和/或值和/或两者(例如entrySet)进行迭代,比如:

遍历贴图的keys->keySet():Map<String,Object>Map=。。。;for(字符串键:map.keySet()){//您的业务逻辑。。。}遍历映射的values->values():for(对象值:map.values()){//您的业务逻辑。。。}遍历映射的both->entrySet():for(Map.Entry<String,Object>Entry:Map.entrySet()){字符串键=entry.getKey();对象值=entry.getValue();//您的业务逻辑。。。}

此外,有3种不同的方法可以迭代HashMap。具体如下:

//1.
for (Map.Entry entry : hm.entrySet()) {
    System.out.print("key,val: ");
    System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "," + entry.getValue());
}

//2.
Iterator iter = hm.keySet().iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
    Integer key = (Integer)iter.next();
    String val = (String)hm.get(key);
    System.out.println("key,val: " + key + "," + val);
}

//3.
Iterator it = hm.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
    Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) it.next();
    Integer key = (Integer)entry.getKey();
    String val = (String)entry.getValue();
    System.out.println("key,val: " + key + "," + val);
}
Map<String, String> map = ...
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "/" + entry.getValue());
}

在Java 10+上:

for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
    System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "/" + entry.getValue());
}

Map上的一个有效迭代解决方案是从Java5到Java7的for循环。这里是:

for (String key : phnMap.keySet()) {
    System.out.println("Key: " + key + " Value: " + phnMap.get(key));
}

在Java8中,可以使用lambda表达式对Map进行迭代。这是一个增强的forEach

phnMap.forEach((k,v) -> System.out.println("Key: " + k + " Value: " + v));

如果要为lambda编写条件,可以这样编写:

phnMap.forEach((k,v)->{
    System.out.println("Key: " + k + " Value: " + v);
    if("abc".equals(k)){
        System.out.println("Hello abc");
    }
});

这些都是迭代HashMap的所有可能方法。

HashMap<Integer,String> map=new HashMap<Integer,String>();
    map.put(1,"David");  //Adding elements in Map
    map.put(2,"John");
    map.put(4,"Samyuktha");
    map.put(3,"jasmin");
    System.out.println("Iterating Hashmap...");

    //way 1 (java 8 Method)
    map.forEach((key, value) -> {
        System.out.println(key+" : "+ value);
    });

    //way 2 (java 7 Method)
    for(Map.Entry me : map.entrySet()){
        System.out.println(me.getKey()+" "+me.getValue());
    }

    //way 3 (Legacy way to iterate HashMap)
    Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();//map.keySet().iterator()
    while (iterator.hasNext())
    {
        Map.Entry me =(Map.Entry)iterator.next();
        System.out.println(me.getKey()+" : "+ me.getValue());
    }
    
}