我想加上这个简单的答案，因为我没有看到它，这个问题是“老”而不是“全部”。

Sudo docker容器修剪-filter“until=24h”

根据您想要移除的容器的时间跨度调整24h。

更新:从Docker 1.13版(2017年1月发布)开始，您可以发出以下命令来清理停止的容器、未使用的卷、悬空的映像和未使用的网络:

docker system prune

如果你想确保你只删除有退出状态的容器，使用这个:

docker ps -aq -f status=exited | xargs docker rm

类似地，如果你在清理docker的东西，你可以用这样的方式去除未标记的、未命名的图像:

docker images -q --no-trunc -f dangling=true | xargs docker rmi

删除所有docker: docker system prune -a

您可以使用存储库https://github.com/kartoza/docker-helpers中的docker-helper。安装后，只需输入drmc。

下面是我的docker-cleanup脚本，它删除未标记的容器和图像。请检查来源的任何更新。

#!/bin/sh
# Cleanup docker files: untagged containers and images.
#
# Use `docker-cleanup -n` for a dry run to see what would be deleted.

untagged_containers() {
  # Print containers using untagged images: $1 is used with awk's print: 0=line, 1=column 1.
  docker ps -a | awk '$2 ~ "[0-9a-f]{12}" {print $'$1'}'
}

untagged_images() {
  # Print untagged images: $1 is used with awk's print: 0=line, 3=column 3.
  # NOTE: intermediate images (via -a) seem to only cause
  # "Error: Conflict, foobarid wasn't deleted" messages.
  # Might be useful sometimes when Docker messed things up?!
  # docker images -a | awk '$1 == "<none>" {print $'$1'}'
  docker images | tail -n +2 | awk '$1 == "<none>" {print $'$1'}'
}

# Dry-run.
if [ "$1" = "-n" ]; then
  echo "=== Containers with uncommitted images: ==="
  untagged_containers 0
  echo

  echo "=== Uncommitted images: ==="
  untagged_images 0

  exit
fi

# Remove containers with untagged images.
echo "Removing containers:" >&2
untagged_containers 1 | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm --volumes=true

# Remove untagged images
echo "Removing images:" >&2
untagged_images 3 | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

来源:https://github.com/blueyed/dotfiles/blob/master/usr/bin/docker-cleanup

Bash的这两行代码会在删除容器之前通过一些关键字来过滤它们:

containers_to_keep=$(docker ps -a | grep 'keep\|Up\|registry:latest\|nexus' | awk '{ print $1 }')
containers_to_delete=$(docker ps -a | grep Exited | grep -Fv "$containers_to_keep" | awk '{ print $1 }')
docker rm $containers_to_delete

来自这篇文章。