是否有充分的理由说明在函数中只有一个return语句是一个更好的实践?

或者在逻辑上正确的情况下,可以从函数中返回,这意味着函数中可能有许多返回语句?


当前回答

使用单一出口点可以降低圈复杂度,因此,从理论上讲,可以降低在修改代码时引入错误的可能性。然而,实践往往表明需要更务实的方法。因此,我倾向于只有一个出口点,但如果可读性更好,允许我的代码有多个出口点。

其他回答

你可以这样做,只实现一个返回语句-在开始时声明它,在结束时输出它-问题解决了:

$content = "";
$return = false;

if($content != "")
{
  $return = true;
}
else 
{
  $return = false;
}

return $return;

I always avoid multiple return statements. Even in small functions. Small functions can become larger, and tracking the multiple return paths makes it harder (to my small mind) to keep track of what is going on. A single return also makes debugging easier. I've seen people post that the only alternative to multiple return statements is a messy arrow of nested IF statements 10 levels deep. While I certain agree that such coding does occur, it isn't the only option. I wouldn't make the choice between a multiple return statements and a nest of IFs, I'd refactor it so you'd eliminate both. And that is how I code. The following code eliminates both issues and, in my mind, is very easy to read:

public string GetResult()
{
    string rv = null;
    bool okay = false;

    okay = PerformTest(1);

    if (okay)
    {
        okay = PerformTest(2);
    }

    if (okay)
    {
        okay = PerformTest(3);
    }

    if (okay)
    {
        okay = PerformTest(4);
    };

    if (okay)
    {
        okay = PerformTest(5);
    }

    if (okay)
    {
        rv = "All Tests Passed";
    }

    return rv;
}

一般来说,我尝试从一个函数中只有一个出口点。然而,有时这样做实际上会创建一个比必要的更复杂的函数体,在这种情况下,最好有多个出口点。它确实需要基于结果的复杂性进行“判断”,但目标应该是在不牺牲复杂性和可理解性的情况下尽可能减少出口点。

I've seen it in coding standards for C++ that were a hang-over from C, as if you don't have RAII or other automatic memory management then you have to clean up for each return, which either means cut-and-paste of the clean-up or a goto (logically the same as 'finally' in managed languages), both of which are considered bad form. If your practices are to use smart pointers and collections in C++ or another automatic memory system, then there isn't a strong reason for it, and it become all about readability, and more of a judgement call.

我想说,武断地决定不使用多个出口点是非常不明智的,因为我发现这种技术在实践中一次又一次地有用,事实上,为了清晰起见,我经常将现有的代码重构为多个出口点。我们可以这样比较这两种方法:-

string fooBar(string s, int? i) {
  string ret = "";
  if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(s) && i != null) {
    var res = someFunction(s, i);

    bool passed = true;
    foreach(var r in res) {
      if(!r.Passed) {
        passed = false;
        break;
      }
    }

    if(passed) {
      // Rest of code...
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

将此与允许多个出口点的代码进行比较

string fooBar(string s, int? i) {
  var ret = "";
  if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(s) || i == null) return null;

  var res = someFunction(s, i);

  foreach(var r in res) {
      if(!r.Passed) return null;
  }

  // Rest of code...

  return ret;
}

我认为后者要清楚得多。据我所知,现在对多个退出点的批评是一种相当过时的观点。