什么是一个好的完整正则表达式或其他一些过程,将采取标题:
如何将标题更改为URL的一部分,如堆栈溢出?
然后把它变成
how-do-you-change-a-title-to-be-part-of-the-url-like-stack-overflow
在堆栈溢出的seo友好的url中使用?
我使用的开发环境是Ruby on Rails,但是如果有一些其他特定于平台的解决方案(。NET, PHP, Django),我也很想看到这些。
我相信我(或其他读者)在不同的平台上也会遇到同样的问题。
我使用自定义路由,我主要想知道如何改变字符串的所有特殊字符被删除,它都是小写的,所有空白被替换。
stackoverflow的解决方案是伟大的,但现代浏览器(不包括IE,像往常一样)现在很好地处理utf8编码:
所以我升级了建议的解决方案:
public static string ToFriendlyUrl(string title, bool useUTF8Encoding = false)
{
...
else if (c >= 128)
{
int prevlen = sb.Length;
if (useUTF8Encoding )
{
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(c.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),Encoding.UTF8));
}
else
{
sb.Append(RemapInternationalCharToAscii(c));
}
...
}
Pastebin的完整代码
编辑:下面是RemapInternationalCharToAscii方法的代码(在粘贴文件中没有)。
假设你的模型类有一个title属性,你可以简单地覆盖模型中的to_param方法,就像这样:
def to_param
title.downcase.gsub(/ /, '-')
end
Railscast的这集有所有的细节。你也可以使用这个来确保标题只包含有效字符:
validates_format_of :title, :with => /^[a-z0-9-]+$/,
:message => 'can only contain letters, numbers and hyphens'
为了更好地衡量,这里是WordPress中的PHP函数…我认为WordPress是使用花哨链接的最受欢迎的平台之一。
function sanitize_title_with_dashes($title) {
$title = strip_tags($title);
// Preserve escaped octets.
$title = preg_replace('|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title);
// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
$title = str_replace('%', '', $title);
// Restore octets.
$title = preg_replace('|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title);
$title = remove_accents($title);
if (seems_utf8($title)) {
if (function_exists('mb_strtolower')) {
$title = mb_strtolower($title, 'UTF-8');
}
$title = utf8_uri_encode($title, 200);
}
$title = strtolower($title);
$title = preg_replace('/&.+?;/', '', $title); // kill entities
$title = preg_replace('/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title);
$title = preg_replace('/\s+/', '-', $title);
$title = preg_replace('|-+|', '-', $title);
$title = trim($title, '-');
return $title;
}
这个函数以及一些支持函数可以在wp-includes/formatting.php中找到。
下面是我的(稍慢,但写起来很有趣)Jeff的代码版本:
public static string URLFriendly(string title)
{
char? prevRead = null,
prevWritten = null;
var seq =
from c in title
let norm = RemapInternationalCharToAscii(char.ToLowerInvariant(c).ToString())[0]
let keep = char.IsLetterOrDigit(norm)
where prevRead.HasValue || keep
let replaced = keep ? norm
: prevWritten != '-' ? '-'
: (char?)null
where replaced != null
let s = replaced + (prevRead == null ? ""
: norm == '#' && "cf".Contains(prevRead.Value) ? "sharp"
: norm == '+' ? "plus"
: "")
let _ = prevRead = norm
from written in s
let __ = prevWritten = written
select written;
const int maxlen = 80;
return string.Concat(seq.Take(maxlen)).TrimEnd('-');
}
public static string RemapInternationalCharToAscii(string text)
{
var seq = text.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD)
.Where(c => CharUnicodeInfo.GetUnicodeCategory(c) != UnicodeCategory.NonSpacingMark);
return string.Concat(seq).Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
}
我的测试字符串:
“我喜欢c#, f#, c++,还有……焦糖布丁! !他们看到我在编程……他们hatin”……想抓住我的下流行为……”
我将代码移植到TypeScript中。它可以很容易地适应JavaScript。
我添加了一个.contains方法到字符串原型,如果你的目标是最新的浏览器或ES6,你可以使用.includes代替。
if (!String.prototype.contains) {
String.prototype.contains = function (check) {
return this.indexOf(check, 0) !== -1;
};
}
declare interface String {
contains(check: string): boolean;
}
export function MakeUrlFriendly(title: string) {
if (title == null || title == '')
return '';
const maxlen = 80;
let len = title.length;
let prevdash = false;
let result = '';
let c: string;
let cc: number;
let remapInternationalCharToAscii = function (c: string) {
let s = c.toLowerCase();
if ("àåáâäãåą".contains(s)) {
return "a";
}
else if ("èéêëę".contains(s)) {
return "e";
}
else if ("ìíîïı".contains(s)) {
return "i";
}
else if ("òóôõöøőð".contains(s)) {
return "o";
}
else if ("ùúûüŭů".contains(s)) {
return "u";
}
else if ("çćčĉ".contains(s)) {
return "c";
}
else if ("żźž".contains(s)) {
return "z";
}
else if ("śşšŝ".contains(s)) {
return "s";
}
else if ("ñń".contains(s)) {
return "n";
}
else if ("ýÿ".contains(s)) {
return "y";
}
else if ("ğĝ".contains(s)) {
return "g";
}
else if (c == 'ř') {
return "r";
}
else if (c == 'ł') {
return "l";
}
else if (c == 'đ') {
return "d";
}
else if (c == 'ß') {
return "ss";
}
else if (c == 'Þ') {
return "th";
}
else if (c == 'ĥ') {
return "h";
}
else if (c == 'ĵ') {
return "j";
}
else {
return "";
}
};
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = title[i];
cc = c.charCodeAt(0);
if ((cc >= 97 /* a */ && cc <= 122 /* z */) || (cc >= 48 /* 0 */ && cc <= 57 /* 9 */)) {
result += c;
prevdash = false;
}
else if ((cc >= 65 && cc <= 90 /* A - Z */)) {
result += c.toLowerCase();
prevdash = false;
}
else if (c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '.' || c == '/' || c == '\\' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '=') {
if (!prevdash && result.length > 0) {
result += '-';
prevdash = true;
}
}
else if (cc >= 128) {
let prevlen = result.length;
result += remapInternationalCharToAscii(c);
if (prevlen != result.length) prevdash = false;
}
if (i == maxlen) break;
}
if (prevdash)
return result.substring(0, result.length - 1);
else
return result;
}