是时候承认失败了……

在Objective-C中,我可以使用如下内容:

NSString* str = @"abcdefghi";
[str rangeOfString:@"c"].location; // 2

在Swift中,我看到了类似的东西:

var str = "abcdefghi"
str.rangeOfString("c").startIndex

...但这只是给了我一个字符串。索引,我可以使用它下标回原始字符串,但不能从中提取位置。

FWIW,字符串。Index有一个名为_position的私有ivar,其中有正确的值。我只是不明白怎么会暴露出来。

我知道我自己可以很容易地将其添加到String中。我更好奇在这个新的API中我缺少了什么。


当前回答

如果你想知道一个字符作为int值在字符串中的位置,使用这个:

let loc = newString.range(of: ".").location

其他回答

如果你想使用熟悉的NSString,你可以显式地声明它:

var someString: NSString = "abcdefghi"

var someRange: NSRange = someString.rangeOfString("c")

我还不确定如何在Swift中做到这一点。

Swift 3.0让这个更加冗长:

let string = "Hello.World"
let needle: Character = "."
if let idx = string.characters.index(of: needle) {
    let pos = string.characters.distance(from: string.startIndex, to: idx)
    print("Found \(needle) at position \(pos)")
}
else {
    print("Not found")
}

扩展:

extension String {
    public func index(of char: Character) -> Int? {
        if let idx = characters.index(of: char) {
            return characters.distance(from: startIndex, to: idx)
        }
        return nil
    }
}

在Swift 2.0中,这变得更加容易:

let string = "Hello.World"
let needle: Character = "."
if let idx = string.characters.indexOf(needle) {
    let pos = string.startIndex.distanceTo(idx)
    print("Found \(needle) at position \(pos)")
}
else {
    print("Not found")
}

扩展:

extension String {
    public func indexOfCharacter(char: Character) -> Int? {
        if let idx = self.characters.indexOf(char) {
            return self.startIndex.distanceTo(idx)
        }
        return nil
    }
}

斯威夫特1。x实现:

对于纯Swift解决方案,可以使用:

let string = "Hello.World"
let needle: Character = "."
if let idx = find(string, needle) {
    let pos = distance(string.startIndex, idx)
    println("Found \(needle) at position \(pos)")
}
else {
    println("Not found")
}

作为String的扩展:

extension String {
    public func indexOfCharacter(char: Character) -> Int? {
        if let idx = find(self, char) {
            return distance(self.startIndex, idx)
        }
        return nil
    }
}

与Objective-C中的NSString相比,Swift中的变量类型String包含不同的函数。Sulthan提到过,

Swift String没有实现RandomAccessIndex

你能做的是向下转换你的变量类型String到NSString(这是有效的Swift)。这将给你访问NSString中的函数。

var str = "abcdefghi" as NSString
str.rangeOfString("c").locationx   // returns 2
    // Using Swift 4, the code below works.
    // The problem is that String.index is a struct. Use dot notation to grab the integer part of it that you want: ".encodedOffset"
    let strx = "0123456789ABCDEF"
    let si = strx.index(of: "A")
    let i = si?.encodedOffset       // i will be an Int. You need "?" because it might be nil, no such character found.

    if i != nil {                   // You MUST deal with the optional, unwrap it only if not nil.
        print("i = ",i)
        print("i = ",i!)            // "!" str1ps off "optional" specification (unwraps i).
            // or
        let ii = i!
        print("ii = ",ii)

    }
    // Good luck.

在思考方面,这可能被称为反转。你会发现世界是圆的而不是平的。“你真的不需要知道角色的索引来处理它。”作为一名C程序员,我发现这也很难接受! 你的行“let index = letters.characters.indexOf("c")!”本身就足够了。 例如,要去掉c,你可以用…(操场粘贴)

    var letters = "abcdefg"
  //let index = letters.rangeOfString("c")!.startIndex //is the same as
    let index = letters.characters.indexOf("c")!
    range = letters.characters.indexOf("c")!...letters.characters.indexOf("c")!
    letters.removeRange(range)
    letters

然而,如果你想要一个索引,你需要返回一个实际的index而不是Int值,因为Int值对于任何实际使用都需要额外的步骤。这些扩展返回一个索引,一个特定字符的计数,以及这个游乐场插件代码将演示的范围。

extension String
{
    public func firstIndexOfCharacter(aCharacter: Character) -> String.CharacterView.Index? {

        for index in self.characters.indices {
            if self[index] == aCharacter {
                return index
            }

        }
        return nil
    }

    public func returnCountOfThisCharacterInString(aCharacter: Character) -> Int? {

        var count = 0
        for letters in self.characters{

            if aCharacter == letters{

                count++
            }
        }
        return count
    }


    public func rangeToCharacterFromStart(aCharacter: Character) -> Range<Index>? {

        for index in self.characters.indices {
            if self[index] == aCharacter {
                let range = self.startIndex...index
                return range
            }

        }
        return nil
    }

}



var MyLittleString = "MyVery:important String"

var theIndex = MyLittleString.firstIndexOfCharacter(":")

var countOfColons = MyLittleString.returnCountOfThisCharacterInString(":")

var theCharacterAtIndex:Character = MyLittleString[theIndex!]

var theRange = MyLittleString.rangeToCharacterFromStart(":")
MyLittleString.removeRange(theRange!)