Java有一个方便的分割方法:
String str = "The quick brown fox";
String[] results = str.split(" ");
在c++中有简单的方法来做到这一点吗?
Java有一个方便的分割方法:
String str = "The quick brown fox";
String[] results = str.split(" ");
在c++中有简单的方法来做到这一点吗?
当前回答
简单的c++代码(标准c++ 98),接受多个分隔符(在std::string中指定),只使用向量、字符串和迭代器。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
std::vector<std::string>
split(const std::string& str, const std::string& delim){
std::vector<std::string> result;
if (str.empty())
throw std::runtime_error("Can not tokenize an empty string!");
std::string::const_iterator begin, str_it;
begin = str_it = str.begin();
do {
while (delim.find(*str_it) == std::string::npos && str_it != str.end())
str_it++; // find the position of the first delimiter in str
std::string token = std::string(begin, str_it); // grab the token
if (!token.empty()) // empty token only when str starts with a delimiter
result.push_back(token); // push the token into a vector<string>
while (delim.find(*str_it) != std::string::npos && str_it != str.end())
str_it++; // ignore the additional consecutive delimiters
begin = str_it; // process the remaining tokens
} while (str_it != str.end());
return result;
}
int main() {
std::string test_string = ".this is.a.../.simple;;test;;;END";
std::string delim = "; ./"; // string containing the delimiters
std::vector<std::string> tokens = split(test_string, delim);
for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = tokens.begin();
it != tokens.end(); it++)
std::cout << *it << std::endl;
}
其他回答
我贴出了类似问题的答案。 不要白费力气。我使用过许多库,我遇到过的最快、最灵活的库是:c++ String Toolkit Library。
这里有一个如何使用它的例子,我已经张贴在stackoverflow的其他地方。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <strtk.hpp>
const char *whitespace = " \t\r\n\f";
const char *whitespace_and_punctuation = " \t\r\n\f;,=";
int main()
{
{ // normal parsing of a string into a vector of strings
std::string s("Somewhere down the road");
std::vector<std::string> result;
if( strtk::parse( s, whitespace, result ) )
{
for(size_t i = 0; i < result.size(); ++i )
std::cout << result[i] << std::endl;
}
}
{ // parsing a string into a vector of floats with other separators
// besides spaces
std::string s("3.0, 3.14; 4.0");
std::vector<float> values;
if( strtk::parse( s, whitespace_and_punctuation, values ) )
{
for(size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i )
std::cout << values[i] << std::endl;
}
}
{ // parsing a string into specific variables
std::string s("angle = 45; radius = 9.9");
std::string w1, w2;
float v1, v2;
if( strtk::parse( s, whitespace_and_punctuation, w1, v1, w2, v2) )
{
std::cout << "word " << w1 << ", value " << v1 << std::endl;
std::cout << "word " << w2 << ", value " << v2 << std::endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
下面是一个示例标记器类,它可以实现您想要的功能
//Header file
class Tokenizer
{
public:
static const std::string DELIMITERS;
Tokenizer(const std::string& str);
Tokenizer(const std::string& str, const std::string& delimiters);
bool NextToken();
bool NextToken(const std::string& delimiters);
const std::string GetToken() const;
void Reset();
protected:
size_t m_offset;
const std::string m_string;
std::string m_token;
std::string m_delimiters;
};
//CPP file
const std::string Tokenizer::DELIMITERS(" \t\n\r");
Tokenizer::Tokenizer(const std::string& s) :
m_string(s),
m_offset(0),
m_delimiters(DELIMITERS) {}
Tokenizer::Tokenizer(const std::string& s, const std::string& delimiters) :
m_string(s),
m_offset(0),
m_delimiters(delimiters) {}
bool Tokenizer::NextToken()
{
return NextToken(m_delimiters);
}
bool Tokenizer::NextToken(const std::string& delimiters)
{
size_t i = m_string.find_first_not_of(delimiters, m_offset);
if (std::string::npos == i)
{
m_offset = m_string.length();
return false;
}
size_t j = m_string.find_first_of(delimiters, i);
if (std::string::npos == j)
{
m_token = m_string.substr(i);
m_offset = m_string.length();
return true;
}
m_token = m_string.substr(i, j - i);
m_offset = j;
return true;
}
例子:
std::vector <std::string> v;
Tokenizer s("split this string", " ");
while (s.NextToken())
{
v.push_back(s.GetToken());
}
这是一个简单的循环,只对标准库文件进行标记
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <conio.h>
class word
{
public:
char w[20];
word()
{
for(int j=0;j<=20;j++)
{w[j]='\0';
}
}
};
void main()
{
int i=1,n=0,j=0,k=0,m=1;
char input[100];
word ww[100];
gets(input);
n=strlen(input);
for(i=0;i<=m;i++)
{
if(context[i]!=' ')
{
ww[k].w[j]=context[i];
j++;
}
else
{
k++;
j=0;
m++;
}
}
}
对于简单的事情,我只使用以下方法:
unsigned TokenizeString(const std::string& i_source,
const std::string& i_seperators,
bool i_discard_empty_tokens,
std::vector<std::string>& o_tokens)
{
unsigned prev_pos = 0;
unsigned pos = 0;
unsigned number_of_tokens = 0;
o_tokens.clear();
pos = i_source.find_first_of(i_seperators, pos);
while (pos != std::string::npos)
{
std::string token = i_source.substr(prev_pos, pos - prev_pos);
if (!i_discard_empty_tokens || token != "")
{
o_tokens.push_back(i_source.substr(prev_pos, pos - prev_pos));
number_of_tokens++;
}
pos++;
prev_pos = pos;
pos = i_source.find_first_of(i_seperators, pos);
}
if (prev_pos < i_source.length())
{
o_tokens.push_back(i_source.substr(prev_pos));
number_of_tokens++;
}
return number_of_tokens;
}
懦弱的免责声明:我编写实时数据处理软件,其中数据通过二进制文件、套接字或一些API调用(I/O卡、摄像头)传入。除了在启动时读取外部配置文件以外,我从未将这个函数用于更复杂或时间要求更严格的事情。
我知道你想要一个c++的解决方案,但你可能会认为这是有帮助的:
Qt
#include <QString>
...
QString str = "The quick brown fox";
QStringList results = str.split(" ");
在这个例子中,与Boost相比的优势在于,它直接一对一地映射到你的文章代码。
详见Qt文档