我有一个JavaScript对象数组:

var objs = [ 
    { first_nom: 'Lazslo', last_nom: 'Jamf'     },
    { first_nom: 'Pig',    last_nom: 'Bodine'   },
    { first_nom: 'Pirate', last_nom: 'Prentice' }
];

如何在JavaScript中按last_nom的值对它们进行排序?

我知道排序(a,b),但这似乎只适用于字符串和数字。是否需要向对象添加toString()方法?


当前回答

let propName = 'last_nom';

let sorted_obj = objs.sort((a,b) => {
    if(a[propName] > b[propName]) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (a[propName] < b[propName]) {
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

//This works because the js built-in sort function allows us to define our
//own way of sorting, this funny looking function is simply telling `sort` how to
//determine what is larger. 
//We can use `if(a[propName] > b[propName])` because string comparison is already built into JS
//if you try console.log('a' > 'z' ? 'a' : 'z')
//the output will be 'z' as 'a' is not greater than 'z'
//The return values 0,-1,1 are how we tell JS what to sort on. We're sorting on the last_nom property of the object. 
//When sorting a list it comes down to comparing two items and how to determine which one of them is "larger". 
//We need a way to tell JS how to determine which one is larger. 
//The sort defining function will use the case that returns a 1 to mean that a > b
//and the case that returns -1 to mean that a < b

其他回答

您还可以创建一个动态排序函数,根据传递的值对对象进行排序:

function dynamicSort(property) {
    var sortOrder = 1;
    if(property[0] === "-") {
        sortOrder = -1;
        property = property.substr(1);
    }
    return function (a,b) {
        /* next line works with strings and numbers, 
         * and you may want to customize it to your needs
         */
        var result = (a[property] < b[property]) ? -1 : (a[property] > b[property]) ? 1 : 0;
        return result * sortOrder;
    }
}

所以你可以有一个这样的对象数组:

var People = [
    {Name: "Name", Surname: "Surname"},
    {Name:"AAA", Surname:"ZZZ"},
    {Name: "Name", Surname: "AAA"}
];

…当你这样做时,它会起作用:

People.sort(dynamicSort("Name"));
People.sort(dynamicSort("Surname"));
People.sort(dynamicSort("-Surname"));

事实上,这已经回答了问题。下面的部分是因为许多人联系我,抱怨它不适用于多个参数。

多个参数

您可以使用下面的函数生成具有多个排序参数的排序函数。

function dynamicSortMultiple() {
    /*
     * save the arguments object as it will be overwritten
     * note that arguments object is an array-like object
     * consisting of the names of the properties to sort by
     */
    var props = arguments;
    return function (obj1, obj2) {
        var i = 0, result = 0, numberOfProperties = props.length;
        /* try getting a different result from 0 (equal)
         * as long as we have extra properties to compare
         */
        while(result === 0 && i < numberOfProperties) {
            result = dynamicSort(props[i])(obj1, obj2);
            i++;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

这将使您能够执行以下操作:

People.sort(dynamicSortMultiple("Name", "-Surname"));

子类化数组

对于我们中能够使用ES6的幸运者,ES6允许扩展本机对象:

class MyArray extends Array {
    sortBy(...args) {
        return this.sort(dynamicSortMultiple(...args));
    }
}

这将实现:

MyArray.from(People).sortBy("Name", "-Surname");

我遇到了排序对象数组的问题,改变了值的优先级。基本上,我想按年龄,然后按姓氏,或者仅仅按姓氏,名字来对一系列人进行排序。

我认为与其他答案相比,这是最简单的解决方案。

它用于调用sortPeoples(['array','of','properties'],reverse=false)。

///////////////////////人群示例阵列///////////////////////var人民=[{姓名:“Zach”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:1},{姓名:“南希”,姓:“护士”,年龄:1岁},{姓名:“Ethel”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:1},{姓名:“尼娜”,姓:“护士”,年龄:42岁},{姓名:“Anthony”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:42岁},{姓名:“尼娜”,姓:“护士”,年龄:32岁},{姓名:“Ed”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:28岁},{姓名:“彼得”,姓:“医生”,年龄:58岁},{姓名:“Al”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:58岁},{姓名:“Ruth”,姓:“Registration”,年龄:62岁},{姓名:“Ed”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:38岁},{姓名:“Tammy”,姓:“Triage”,年龄:29岁},{姓名:“Alan”,姓:“Emergency”,年龄:60岁},{姓名:“尼娜”,姓:“护士”,年龄:58岁}];////////////////////////排序功能/////////////////////函数sortPeoples(propertyArr,reverse){函数比较(a,b){变量i=0;while(propertyArr[i]){如果(a[propertyArr[i]]<b[propertyAr[i]])返回-1;如果(a[propertyArr[i]]>b[propertyAr[i]])返回1;i++;}返回0;}人民。排序(比较);if(反向){peoples.reverse();}};////////////////排序方法结束///////////////函数printPeoples(){$(“#输出”).html(“”);people.forEach(功能(人){$('#output').append(person.surname+“”+person.name+““”+person.age+“<br>”);})}<head><script src=“https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js“></script></head><html><body><button onclick=“sortPeoples(['surname']);printPeoples()”>仅按姓氏ASC排序会导致同名案例的混乱</button><br><button onclick=“sortPeoples(['surname','name],true);printPeoples()”>按姓氏排序,然后按名称DESC</button><br><button onclick=“sortPeoples(['age']);printPeoples()”>按age ASC排序。与第一种情况相同的问题</button><br><button onclick=“sortPeoples(['age','姓']);printPeoples()”>按age和姓氏ASC排序。添加第二个字段修复了它。</button><br><div id=“output”></div></body></html>

我会这样做:

[...objs].sort((a, b) => a.last_nom.localeCompare(b.last_nom))

截至2018年,有一个更短、更优雅的解决方案。使用即可。Array.prototype.sort()。

例子:

var items = [
  { name: 'Edward', value: 21 },
  { name: 'Sharpe', value: 37 },
  { name: 'And', value: 45 },
  { name: 'The', value: -12 },
  { name: 'Magnetic', value: 13 },
  { name: 'Zeros', value: 37 }
];

// sort by value
items.sort(function (a, b) {
  return a.value - b.value;
});

在TypeScript中编程时,也可以创建动态排序函数,但在这种情况下,类型变得更加复杂。

function sortByKey<O>(key: keyof O, decending: boolean = false): (a: O, b: O) => number {
    const order = decending ? -1 : 1;
    return (a, b): number => {
        const valA = a[key];
        const valB = b[key];
        if (valA < valB) {
            return -order;
        } else if (valA > valB) {
            return order;
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

这可以在TypeScript中使用,如下所示:

const test = [
    {
        id: 0,
    },
    {
        id: 2,
    }
]

test.sort(sortByKey('id')) // OK
test.sort(sortByKey('id1')) // ERROR
test.sort(sortByKey('')) // ERROR