是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?

例如:

var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];

// need ["c", "d"]

当前回答

纯JavaScript

对于“差异”有两种可能的解释。我让你选你想要的。假设你有:

var a1 = ['a', 'b'     ];
var a2 = [     'b', 'c'];

If you want to get ['a'], use this function: function difference(a1, a2) { var result = []; for (var i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) { if (a2.indexOf(a1[i]) === -1) { result.push(a1[i]); } } return result; } If you want to get ['a', 'c'] (all elements contained in either a1 or a2, but not both -- the so-called symmetric difference), use this function: function symmetricDifference(a1, a2) { var result = []; for (var i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) { if (a2.indexOf(a1[i]) === -1) { result.push(a1[i]); } } for (i = 0; i < a2.length; i++) { if (a1.indexOf(a2[i]) === -1) { result.push(a2[i]); } } return result; }

斜线/下划线

如果你正在使用lodash,你可以使用_。差异(a1, a2)(上述情况1)或_。Xor (a1, a2)(情形2)

如果你使用的是Underscore.js,你可以使用_。情况1的差分(a1, a2)函数。

ES6 Set,用于非常大的数组

上面的代码适用于所有浏览器。然而,对于超过10,000个项目的大型数组,它变得相当慢,因为它有O(n²)的复杂度。在许多现代浏览器中,我们可以利用ES6 Set对象来加快速度。Lodash在可用时自动使用Set。如果你不使用lodash,使用下面的实现,灵感来自Axel Rauschmayer的博客文章:

function difference(a1, a2) {
  var a2Set = new Set(a2);
  return a1.filter(function(x) { return !a2Set.has(x); });
}

function symmetricDifference(a1, a2) {
  return difference(a1, a2).concat(difference(a2, a1));
}

笔记

如果您关心-0、+0、NaN或稀疏数组,那么所有示例的行为都可能令人惊讶或不明显。(对于大多数用途来说,这并不重要。)

其他回答

var arrayDifference = function(arr1, arr2){
  if(arr1 && arr1.length){
    if(arr2 && arr2.length > 0){
      for (var i=0, itemIndex; i<arr2.length; i++){
        itemIndex = arr1.indexOf(arr2[i]);
        if(itemIndex !== -1){
          arr1.splice(itemIndex, 1);
        }
      }
    }
    return arr1;
  }
  return [];
};

arrayDifference([1,2,3,4,5], [1,5,6]);

困难的方法(如果你想做一些比.indexOf更奇特的东西)

var difference = function (source, target) {
    return source.reduce(function (diff, current) { 
        if (target.indexOf(current) === -1) { 
            diff.push(current); 
        }

        return diff; 
    }, []);
}

简单的方法

var difference = function (source, target) {
    return source.filter(function (current) {
        return target.indexOf(current) === -1;
    });
}

类似于Ian Grainger的解决方案(但在打字稿中):

function findDiffs(arrayOne: string[], arrayTwo: string[]) {

    let onlyInArrayOne = []
    let onlyInArrayTwo = []
    let share = []
    let [arrayOneCopy, arrayTwoCopy] = [[...arrayOne], [...arrayTwo]]

    arrayOneCopy.sort(); arrayTwoCopy.sort()

    while (arrayOneCopy.length !== 0 && arrayTwoCopy.length !== 0) {
        if (arrayOneCopy[0] == arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
            share.push(arrayOneCopy[0])
            arrayOneCopy.splice(0, 1)
            arrayTwoCopy.splice(0, 1)
        }
        if (arrayOneCopy[0] < arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
            onlyInArrayOne.push(arrayOneCopy[0])
            arrayOneCopy.splice(0, 1)
        }
        if (arrayOneCopy[0] > arrayTwoCopy[0]) {
            onlyInArrayTwo.push(arrayTwoCopy[0])
            arrayTwoCopy.splice(0, 1)
        }
    }
    onlyInArrayTwo = onlyInArrayTwo.concat(arrayTwoCopy)
    onlyInArrayOne = onlyInArrayOne.concat(arrayOneCopy)

    return {
        onlyInArrayOne,
        onlyInArrayTwo,
        share,
        diff: onlyInArrayOne.concat(onlyInArrayTwo)
    }
}

// arrayOne: [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'm', 'y' ] 
// arrayTwo: [ 'c', 'b', 'f', 'h' ]
//
// Results: 
// { 
//    onlyInArrayOne: [ 'a', 'm', 'y' ],
//    onlyInArrayTwo: [ 'f', 'h' ],
//    share: [ 'b', 'c' ],
//    diff: [ 'a', 'm', 'y', 'f', 'h' ] 
// }
function diffArray(arr1, arr2) {
  const newArr = [];

// arr1 match to arr2
arr1.map((item)=>{
if(arr2.indexOf(item)<0){
  console.log(item)
  newArr.push(item)
}  
})

// arr2 match to arr1
arr2.map((item)=>{
if(arr1.indexOf(item)<0){
  newArr.push(item)
}
})

  return newArr; 
}

差异([1,2,3,5],[1,2,3,4,5])

输出::[4]

const difference = function (baseArray, arrayToCampare, callback = (a, b) => a!== b) {
  if (!(arrayToCampare instanceof Array)) {
    return baseArray;
  }
  return baseArray.filter(baseEl =>
    arrayToCampare.every(compareEl => callback(baseEl, compareEl)));
}