谁能推荐一个安全的解决方案来递归地用下划线替换从给定根目录开始的文件和目录名中的空格?例如:

$ tree
.
|-- a dir
|   `-- file with spaces.txt
`-- b dir
    |-- another file with spaces.txt
    `-- yet another file with spaces.pdf

就变成:

$ tree
.
|-- a_dir
|   `-- file_with_spaces.txt
`-- b_dir
    |-- another_file_with_spaces.txt
    `-- yet_another_file_with_spaces.pdf

当前回答

使用rename(又名prename),这是一个Perl脚本,可能已经在您的系统上了。分两步:

find . -name "* *" -type d | rename 's/ /_/g'    # do the directories first
find . -name "* *" -type f | rename 's/ /_/g'

基于Jürgen的回答,能够使用“Revision 1.5 1998/12/18 16:16:31 rmb1”版本的/usr/bin/rename (Perl脚本)在单一边界内处理多层文件和目录:

find /tmp/ -depth -name "* *" -execdir rename 's/ /_/g' "{}" \;

其他回答

对于那些使用macOS的人来说,首先安装所有的工具:

 brew install tree findutils rename

然后当需要重命名时,将GNU find (gfind)的别名改为find。然后运行@Michel Krelin的代码:

alias find=gfind 
find . -depth -name '* *' \
| while IFS= read -r f ; do mv -i "$f" "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "$f"|tr ' ' _)" ; done   

bash 4.0

#!/bin/bash
shopt -s globstar
for file in **/*\ *
do 
    mv "$file" "${file// /_}"       
done

奈迪姆答案的递归版本。

find . -name "* *" | awk '{ print length, $0 }' | sort -nr -s | cut -d" " -f2- | while read f; do base=$(basename "$f"); newbase="${base// /_}"; mv "$(dirname "$f")/$(basename "$f")" "$(dirname "$f")/$newbase"; done

这是一个(相当冗长的)find -exec解决方案,它将“文件已经存在”警告写入stderr:

function trspace() {
   declare dir name bname dname newname replace_char
   [ $# -lt 1 -o $# -gt 2 ] && { echo "usage: trspace dir char"; return 1; }
   dir="${1}"
   replace_char="${2:-_}"
   find "${dir}" -xdev -depth -name $'*[ \t\r\n\v\f]*' -exec bash -c '
      for ((i=1; i<=$#; i++)); do
         name="${@:i:1}"
         dname="${name%/*}"
         bname="${name##*/}"
         newname="${dname}/${bname//[[:space:]]/${0}}"
         if [[ -e "${newname}" ]]; then
            echo "Warning: file already exists: ${newname}" 1>&2
         else
            mv "${name}" "${newname}"
         fi
      done
  ' "${replace_char}" '{}' +
}

trspace rootdir _

用于命名为/files文件夹中的文件

for i in `IFS="";find /files -name *\ *`
do
   echo $i
done > /tmp/list


while read line
do
   mv "$line" `echo $line | sed 's/ /_/g'`
done < /tmp/list

rm /tmp/list