我正在Ubuntu系统上工作，目前我正在做的是:
if ! which command > /dev/null; then
echo -e "Command not found! Install? (y/n) \c"
read
if "$REPLY" = "y"; then
sudo apt-get install command
fi
fi
大多数人都会这么做吗?还是有更优雅的解决方案?
当前回答
Ubuntu添加了它的“个人包存档”(PPA)，而PPA包有不同的结果。
A native Debian repository package is not installed: ~$ dpkg-query -l apache-perl ~$ echo $? 1 A PPA package registered on the host and installed: ~$ dpkg-query -l libreoffice ~$ echo $? 0 A PPA package registered on the host, but not installed: ~$ dpkg-query -l domy-ce ~$ echo $? 0 ~$ sudo apt-get remove domy-ce [sudo] password for user: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package domy-ce is not installed, so not removed 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
测试APT中是否安装了软件包
其他回答
受到克里斯回答的启发:
#! /bin/bash
installed() {
return $(dpkg-query -W -f '${Status}\n' "${1}" 2>&1|awk '/ok installed/{print 0;exit}{print 1}')
}
pkgs=(libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev vulkan-tools libvulkan-dev vulkan-validationlayers-dev spirv-tools)
missing_pkgs=""
for pkg in ${pkgs[@]}; do
if ! $(installed $pkg) ; then
missing_pkgs+=" $pkg"
fi
done
if [ ! -z "$missing_pkgs" ]; then
cmd="sudo apt install -y $missing_pkgs"
echo $cmd
fi
这个命令是最容易记住的:
dpkg --get-selections <package-name>
如果已经安装，它会打印:
<包名称>安装
否则它会打印
没有找到匹配<package-name>的包。
这是在Ubuntu 12.04.1 (Precise穿山甲)上测试的。
$name="rsync"
[ `which $name` ] $$ echo "$name : installed" || sudo apt-get install -y $name
这个特性已经存在于Ubuntu和Debian的command-not-found包中。
这个就行了。Apt-get install是幂等的。
sudo apt-get install --no-upgrade command
