如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
当前回答
试试这个函数:
Create Function [dbo].[RemoveNonAlphaCharacters](@Temp VarChar(1000))
Returns VarChar(1000)
AS
Begin
Declare @KeepValues as varchar(50)
Set @KeepValues = '%[^a-z]%'
While PatIndex(@KeepValues, @Temp) > 0
Set @Temp = Stuff(@Temp, PatIndex(@KeepValues, @Temp), 1, '')
Return @Temp
End
这样叫它:
Select dbo.RemoveNonAlphaCharacters('abc1234def5678ghi90jkl')
一旦您理解了代码，您就会发现更改它以删除其他字符也相对简单。您甚至可以使此动态到足以传入您的搜索模式。
其他回答
CREATE FUNCTION remove_spc_char(@str VARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @resp VARCHAR(MAX) = '';
DECLARE @str_val VARCHAR(MAX) = UPPER(@str);
DECLARE @i INTEGER= 1;
DECLARE @v_asc INTEGER;
WHILE @i <= (LEN(@str_val))
BEGIN
SET @v_asc = (ASCII(SUBSTRING(@str_val, @i, 1)))
BEGIN
IF @v_asc in (192,193,194,195,196,65)
begin
SET @v_asc = 65;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (200,201,202,203,233,69)
begin
SET @v_asc = 69;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (204,205,206,207,296,73)
begin
SET @v_asc = 73;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (210,211,212,213,214,79)
begin
SET @v_asc = 79;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (217,218,219,220,85)
begin
SET @v_asc = 85;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (199,231,67)
begin
SET @v_asc = 67;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (209,78)
begin
SET @v_asc = 78;
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
IF @v_asc in (924,181,358,216,222,330,272,208,198,42,37,38,34,36,35,
64,33,39,41,40,43,61,95,45,62,60,63,47,176,183,124,166,174,359,248,254,
180,170,186,126,312,331,273,172,178,179,163,162,123,91,93,125,92,167,240,
223,230,171,187,169,185,168)
begin
SET @resp = concat(@resp, '');
end;
ELSE
begin
if @v_asc not in (65,67,69,73,78,79,85)
begin
SET @resp = concat(@resp, CHAR(@v_asc));
end;
end;
END;
SET @i = @i + 1
END;
RETURN @resp;
END;
从性能角度来看，我会使用内联函数:
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[udf_RemoveNumericCharsFromString]
(
@List NVARCHAR(4000)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS RETURN
WITH GetNums AS (
SELECT TOP(ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@List), 0))
n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
FROM
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0)) d (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) e (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) f (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) g (n)
)
SELECT StrOut = ''+
(SELECT Chr
FROM GetNums
CROSS APPLY (SELECT SUBSTRING(@List , n,1)) X(Chr)
WHERE Chr LIKE '%[^0-9]%'
ORDER BY N
FOR XML PATH (''),TYPE).value('.','NVARCHAR(MAX)')
/*How to Use
SELECT StrOut FROM dbo.udf_RemoveNumericCharsFromString ('vv45--9gut')
Result: vv--gut
*/
我知道SQL不擅长字符串操作，但我没想到它会这么难。下面是一个简单的函数，用于从字符串中剥离所有数字。当然还有更好的办法，但这只是个开始。
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.AlphaOnly (
@String varchar(100)
)
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS BEGIN
RETURN (
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
@String,
'9', ''),
'8', ''),
'7', ''),
'6', ''),
'5', ''),
'4', ''),
'3', ''),
'2', ''),
'1', ''),
'0', '')
)
END
GO
-- ==================
DECLARE @t TABLE (
ColID int,
ColString varchar(50)
)
INSERT INTO @t VALUES (1, 'abc1234567890')
SELECT ColID, ColString, dbo.AlphaOnly(ColString)
FROM @t
输出
ColID ColString
----- ------------- ---
1 abc1234567890 abc
第2轮-数据驱动黑名单
-- ============================================
-- Create a table of blacklist characters
-- ============================================
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('dbo.CharacterBlacklist'))
DROP TABLE dbo.CharacterBlacklist
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.CharacterBlacklist (
CharID int IDENTITY,
DisallowedCharacter nchar(1) NOT NULL
)
GO
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'0')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'1')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'2')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'3')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'4')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'5')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'6')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'7')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'8')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'9')
GO
-- ====================================
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters'))
DROP FUNCTION dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters (
@String nvarchar(100)
)
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS BEGIN
DECLARE @blacklistCt int
DECLARE @ct int
DECLARE @c nchar(1)
SELECT @blacklistCt = COUNT(*) FROM dbo.CharacterBlacklist
SET @ct = 0
WHILE @ct < @blacklistCt BEGIN
SET @ct = @ct + 1
SELECT @String = REPLACE(@String, DisallowedCharacter, N'')
FROM dbo.CharacterBlacklist
WHERE CharID = @ct
END
RETURN (@String)
END
GO
-- ====================================
DECLARE @s nvarchar(24)
SET @s = N'abc1234def5678ghi90jkl'
SELECT
@s AS OriginalString,
dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters(@s) AS ResultString
输出
OriginalString ResultString
------------------------ ------------
abc1234def5678ghi90jkl abcdefghijkl
我对读者的挑战是:你能让这个过程更有效率吗?那么使用递归呢?
试试这个函数:
Create Function [dbo].[RemoveNonAlphaCharacters](@Temp VarChar(1000))
Returns VarChar(1000)
AS
Begin
Declare @KeepValues as varchar(50)
Set @KeepValues = '%[^a-z]%'
While PatIndex(@KeepValues, @Temp) > 0
Set @Temp = Stuff(@Temp, PatIndex(@KeepValues, @Temp), 1, '')
Return @Temp
End
这样叫它:
Select dbo.RemoveNonAlphaCharacters('abc1234def5678ghi90jkl')
一旦您理解了代码，您就会发现更改它以删除其他字符也相对简单。您甚至可以使此动态到足以传入您的搜索模式。
这种方式没有为我工作，因为我试图保持阿拉伯字母，我试图取代正则表达式，但它也不起作用。我写了另一个方法工作在ASCII级别，因为这是我唯一的选择，它工作。
Create function [dbo].[RemoveNonAlphaCharacters] (@s varchar(4000)) returns varchar(4000)
with schemabinding
begin
if @s is null
return null
declare @s2 varchar(4000)
set @s2 = ''
declare @l int
set @l = len(@s)
declare @p int
set @p = 1
while @p <= @l begin
declare @c int
set @c = ascii(substring(@s, @p, 1))
if @c between 48 and 57 or @c between 65 and 90 or @c between 97 and 122 or @c between 165 and 253 or @c between 32 and 33
set @s2 = @s2 + char(@c)
set @p = @p + 1
end
if len(@s2) = 0
return null
return @s2
end
GO
