正如其他人指出的那样

不能重命名列、删除列或添加或 从表中删除约束。

来源:http://www.sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html

而您总是可以创建一个新表，然后删除旧表。 我将尝试用一个例子来解释这种解决方法。

sqlite> .schema
CREATE TABLE person(
 id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
 first_name TEXT,
 last_name TEXT, 
 age INTEGER, 
 height INTEGER
);
sqlite> select * from person ; 
id          first_name  last_name   age         height    
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
0           john        doe         20          170       
1           foo         bar         25          171       

现在要从该表中删除列的高度。

创建另一个名为new_person的表

sqlite> CREATE TABLE new_person(
   ...>  id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
   ...>  first_name TEXT, 
   ...>  last_name TEXT, 
   ...>  age INTEGER 
   ...> ) ; 
sqlite> 

现在从旧表复制数据

sqlite> INSERT INTO new_person
   ...> SELECT id, first_name, last_name, age FROM person ;
sqlite> select * from new_person ;
id          first_name  last_name   age       
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
0           john        doe         20        
1           foo         bar         25        
sqlite>

现在删除person表并将new_person重命名为person

sqlite> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS person ; 
sqlite> ALTER TABLE new_person RENAME TO person ;
sqlite>

如果你使用。schema，你会看到

sqlite>.schema
CREATE TABLE "person"(
 id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
 first_name TEXT, 
 last_name TEXT, 
 age INTEGER 
);

Kotlin解决方案，基于这里，还要:

确保临时表不存在 修复了检查默认值的类型，因为当它是Integer时返回String类型(此处报告了此问题)。 避免在希望删除的列不存在时执行任何操作。

object DbUtil {
    /** https://stackoverflow.com/a/51587449/878126 */
    @JvmStatic
    fun dropColumns(database: SQLiteDatabase, tableName: String,
        columnsToRemove: Collection<String>) {
        val columnNames: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val columnNamesWithType: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val primaryKeys: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
        val query = "pragma table_info($tableName);"
        val cursor = database.rawQuery(query, null)
        val columnDefaultIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("dflt_value")
        val columnNameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("name")
        val columnTypeIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("type")
        val columnNotNullIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("notnull")
        val columnPrimaryKeyIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex("pk")
        val sb = StringBuilder()
        var foundColumnsToRemove = false
        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
            val columnName = cursor.getString(columnNameIndex)
            if (columnsToRemove.contains(columnName)) {
                foundColumnsToRemove = true
                continue
            }
            val columnType = cursor.getString(columnTypeIndex)
            val isNotNull = cursor.getInt(columnNotNullIndex) == 1
            val isPrimaryKey = cursor.getInt(columnPrimaryKeyIndex) == 1
            columnNames.add(columnName)
            sb.clear()
            sb.append("`$columnName` $columnType ")
            if (isNotNull)
                sb.append(" NOT NULL ")
            if (cursor.getType(columnDefaultIndex) != Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_NULL) {
                //has default value
                when (columnType.uppercase()) {
                    "INTEGER" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT ${cursor.getInt(columnDefaultIndex)} ")
                    "TEXT" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT \"${cursor.getString(columnDefaultIndex)}\" ")
                    "REAL" -> sb.append(" DEFAULT ${cursor.getFloat(columnDefaultIndex)} ")
                }
            }
            columnNamesWithType.add(sb.toString())
            if (isPrimaryKey)
                primaryKeys.add("`$columnName`")
        }
        cursor.close()
        if (!foundColumnsToRemove)
            return
        val columnNamesSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNames)
        if (primaryKeys.size > 0)
            columnNamesWithType.add("PRIMARY KEY(${TextUtils.join(", ", primaryKeys)})")
        val columnNamesWithTypeSeparated = TextUtils.join(", ", columnNamesWithType)
        database.beginTransaction()
        try {
            var newTempTableName: String
            var counter = 0
            while (true) {
                newTempTableName = "${tableName}_old_$counter"
                if (!isTableExists(database, newTempTableName))
                    break
                ++counter
            }
            database.execSQL("ALTER TABLE $tableName RENAME TO $newTempTableName;")
            database.execSQL("CREATE TABLE $tableName ($columnNamesWithTypeSeparated);")
            database.execSQL(
                "INSERT INTO $tableName ($columnNamesSeparated) SELECT $columnNamesSeparated FROM $newTempTableName;")
            database.execSQL("DROP TABLE ${newTempTableName};")
            database.setTransactionSuccessful()
        } finally {
            database.endTransaction()
        }
    }

    @JvmStatic
    fun isTableExists(database: SQLiteDatabase, tableName: String): Boolean {
        database.rawQuery(
            "select DISTINCT tbl_name from sqlite_master where tbl_name = '$tableName'", null)
            ?.use {
                return it.count > 0
            } ?: return false
    }
}

修改表SQLite

SQLite支持ALTER TABLE的一个有限子集。SQLite中的ALTER TABLE命令允许用户重命名表或向现有表添加新列。不能重命名列、删除列或从表中添加或删除约束。

您可以:

创建新表作为您要更改的表， 复制所有数据， 丢掉旧桌子， 重新命名新文件。

public void DeleteColFromTable(String DbName, String TableName, String ColName){
    SQLiteDatabase db = openOrCreateDatabase(""+DbName+"", Context.MODE_PRIVATE, null);
    db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "+TableName+"(1x00dff);");
    Cursor c = db.rawQuery("PRAGMA table_info("+TableName+")", null);
    if (c.getCount() == 0) {

    } else {
        String columns1 = "";
        String columns2 = "";
        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            if (c.getString(1).equals(ColName)) {
            } else {
                columns1 = columns1 + ", " + c.getString(1) + " " + c.getString(2);
                columns2 = columns2 + ", " + c.getString(1);
            }
            if (c.isLast()) {
                db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS DataBackup (" + columns1 + ");");
                db.execSQL("INSERT INTO DataBackup SELECT " + columns2 + " FROM "+TableName+";");
                db.execSQL("DROP TABLE "+TableName+"");
                db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE DataBackup RENAME TO "+TableName+";");
            }
        }
    }
}

只需要调用一个方法

DeleteColFromTable("Database name","Table name","Col name which want to delete");

我猜您想做的是数据库迁移。在SQLite中不存在“删除”列。但是，您可以使用ALTER表查询添加一个额外的列。

这个不同问题的答案是针对修改列的，但我相信，如果你有很多列，并且不想在INSERT语句中手动重新输入大部分列，部分答案也可以产生有用的方法:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/10385666

您可以按照上面链接中描述的方法转储数据库，然后从该转储中获取“create table”语句和“insert”模板，然后按照SQLite FAQ条目“如何从SQLite中现有的表中添加或删除列”中的说明进行操作。(常见问题在本页其他地方有链接。)