从文档来看，

Positioning your Toast A standard toast notification appears near the bottom of the screen, centered horizontally. You can change this position with the setGravity(int, int, int) method. This accepts three parameters: a Gravity constant, an x-position offset, and a y-position offset. For example, if you decide that the toast should appear in the top-left corner, you can set the gravity like this: toast.setGravity(Gravity.TOP|Gravity.LEFT, 0, 0); If you want to nudge the position to the right, increase the value of the second parameter. To nudge it down, increase the value of the last parameter.

解决方案

fun Context.showToastOnTOP(message: String) = Toast.makeText(this, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
    .apply { setGravity(Gravity.TOP, 0, 0); show() }

fun Context.showToastOnBOTTOM(message: String) = Toast.makeText(this, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
    .apply { setGravity(Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0); show() }

重要提示:重力只有在应用程序的最大目标为29或更少时才能工作。

冷静药丸:)

Toast toast = Toast.makeText(this, "Custom toast creation", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
    toast.setGravity(Gravity.BOTTOM | Gravity.RIGHT,0,0);
    toast.show();

改变土司颜色、位置和底色的方法是:

Toast toast=Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"This is advanced toast",Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.BOTTOM | Gravity.RIGHT,0,0);
View view=toast.getView();
TextView  view1=(TextView)view.findViewById(android.R.id.message);
view1.setTextColor(Color.YELLOW);
view.setBackgroundResource(R.color.colorPrimary);
toast.show();

逐行解释:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bzhGd1HZOc

您可以使用以下命令自定义Toast的位置:

setGravity(int gravity, int xOffset, int yOffset)

docs

这让你可以非常明确你想要吐司的位置。

关于xOffset和yOffset参数最有用的事情之一是，你可以使用它们来相对于某个视图放置Toast。

例如，如果你想要创建一个显示在按钮顶部的自定义Toast，你可以创建一个这样的函数:

// v is the Button view that you want the Toast to appear above 
// and messageId is the id of your string resource for the message

private void displayToastAboveButton(View v, int messageId)
{
    int xOffset = 0;
    int yOffset = 0;
    Rect gvr = new Rect();

    View parent = (View) v.getParent(); 
    int parentHeight = parent.getHeight();

    if (v.getGlobalVisibleRect(gvr)) 
    {       
        View root = v.getRootView();

        int halfWidth = root.getRight() / 2;
        int halfHeight = root.getBottom() / 2;

        int parentCenterX = ((gvr.right - gvr.left) / 2) + gvr.left;

        int parentCenterY = ((gvr.bottom - gvr.top) / 2) + gvr.top;

        if (parentCenterY <= halfHeight) 
        {
            yOffset = -(halfHeight - parentCenterY) - parentHeight;
        }
        else 
        {
            yOffset = (parentCenterY - halfHeight) - parentHeight;
        }

        if (parentCenterX < halfWidth) 
        {         
            xOffset = -(halfWidth - parentCenterX);     
        }   

        if (parentCenterX >= halfWidth) 
        {
            xOffset = parentCenterX - halfWidth;
        }  
    }

    Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getActivity(), messageId, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
    toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, xOffset, yOffset);
    toast.show();       
}

从文档中可以看到:

警告:从Android Build开始。VERSION_CODES#R，用于针对API级别构建的应用程序。如果VERSION_CODES#R或更高，则此方法(setGravity)在文本toast上调用时是一个无操作。

这意味着setGravity不能再在API 30+中使用，必须找到另一个来实现所需的行为。