从API 19开始，你可以使用Telephony类;因为硬核值不会在每个设备中检索消息，因为内容提供程序Uri会因设备和制造商而变化。

public void getAllSms(Context context) {

    ContentResolver cr = context.getContentResolver();
    Cursor c = cr.query(Telephony.Sms.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
    int totalSMS = 0;
    if (c != null) {
        totalSMS = c.getCount();
        if (c.moveToFirst()) {
            for (int j = 0; j < totalSMS; j++) {
                String smsDate = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Telephony.Sms.DATE));
                String number = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS));
                String body = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Telephony.Sms.BODY));
                Date dateFormat= new Date(Long.valueOf(smsDate));
                String type;
                switch (Integer.parseInt(c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Telephony.Sms.TYPE)))) {
                    case Telephony.Sms.MESSAGE_TYPE_INBOX:
                        type = "inbox";
                        break;
                    case Telephony.Sms.MESSAGE_TYPE_SENT:
                        type = "sent";
                        break;
                    case Telephony.Sms.MESSAGE_TYPE_OUTBOX:
                        type = "outbox";
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }


                c.moveToNext();
            }
        }

        c.close();

    } else {
        Toast.makeText(this, "No message to show!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

第一步:首先我们必须在清单文件中添加权限 就像

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" android:protectionLevel="signature" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

步骤2:添加服务短信接收类，用于接收短信

<receiver android:name="com.aquadeals.seller.services.SmsReceiver">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

步骤3:添加运行时权限

private boolean checkAndRequestPermissions()
{
    int sms = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS);

    if (sms != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
    {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS}, REQUEST_ID_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

第四步:在应用程序中添加这些类并进行测试 接口类

public interface SmsListener {
   public void messageReceived(String messageText);
}

SmsReceiver.java

public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static SmsListener mListener;
    public Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(|^)\\d{6}");
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle data  = intent.getExtras();
        Object[] pdus = (Object[]) data.get("pdus");
        for(int i=0;i<pdus.length;i++)
        {
            SmsMessage smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
            String sender = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
            String phoneNumber = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
            String senderNum = phoneNumber ;
            String messageBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
            try{
                if(messageBody!=null){
                    Matcher m = p.matcher(messageBody);
                    if(m.find()) {
                        mListener.messageReceived(m.group(0));
                    }
                }
            }
            catch(Exception e){}
        }
    }
    public static void bindListener(SmsListener listener) {
        mListener = listener; 
    }
}

String WHERE_CONDITION = unreadOnly ? SMS_READ_COLUMN + " = 0" : null;

改变了:

String WHERE_CONDITION = unreadOnly ? SMS_READ_COLUMN + " = 0 " : SMS_READ_COLUMN + " = 1 ";

读取短信的Kotlin代码:

1-将此权限添加到AndroidManifest.xml:

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>

创建BroadCastreceiver类:

package utils.broadcastreceivers

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.telephony.SmsMessage
import android.util.Log

class MySMSBroadCastReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
    var body = ""
    val bundle = intent?.extras
    val pdusArr = bundle!!.get("pdus") as Array<Any>
    var messages: Array<SmsMessage?>  = arrayOfNulls(pdusArr.size)

 // if SMSis Long and contain more than 1 Message we'll read all of them
    for (i in pdusArr.indices) {
        messages[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(pdusArr[i] as ByteArray)
    }
      var MobileNumber: String? = messages[0]?.originatingAddress
       Log.i(TAG, "MobileNumber =$MobileNumber")         
       val bodyText = StringBuilder()
        for (i in messages.indices) {
            bodyText.append(messages[i]?.messageBody)
        }
        body = bodyText.toString()
        if (body.isNotEmpty()){
       // Do something, save SMS in DB or variable , static object or .... 
                       Log.i("Inside Receiver :" , "body =$body")
        }
    }
 }

3-获得短信权限如果Android 6及以上:

   if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && 
    ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context!!,
            Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
        ) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
    ) { // Needs permission

            requestPermissions(arrayOf(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS),
            PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_SMS
        )

    } else { // Permission has already been granted

    }

4-将此请求代码添加到Activity或fragment:

 companion object {
    const val PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_SMS = 100
   }

5- Override检查权限请求结果fun:

 override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
    requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<out String>,
    grantResults: IntArray
) {
    when (requestCode) {

        PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_SMS -> {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Log.i("BroadCastReceiver", "PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_SMS Granted")
            } else {
                //  toast("Permission must be granted  ")
            }
        }
    }
}

这篇文章有点老了，但这里有另一个简单的解决方案来获得Android中与SMS内容提供商相关的数据:

使用这个lib: https://github.com/EverythingMe/easy-content-providers

Get all SMS: TelephonyProvider telephonyProvider = new TelephonyProvider(context); List<Sms> smses = telephonyProvider.getSms(Filter.ALL).getList(); Each Sms has all fields, so you can get any info you need: address, body, receivedDate, type(INBOX, SENT, DRAFT, ..), threadId, ... Gel all MMS: List<Mms> mmses = telephonyProvider.getMms(Filter.ALL).getList(); Gel all Thread: List<Thread> threads = telephonyProvider.getThreads().getList(); Gel all Conversation: List<Conversation> conversations = telephonyProvider.getConversations().getList();

它与列表或光标一起工作，有一个示例应用程序来查看它的外观和工作方式。

事实上，有一个支持所有Android内容提供者，如:联系人，呼叫日志，日历，… 完整的文档，所有选项:https://github.com/EverythingMe/easy-content-providers/wiki/Android-providers

希望它也有帮助:)

目前已有多种答案，但我认为所有答案都忽略了这个问题的一个重要部分。 在从内部数据库或其表中读取数据之前，我们必须了解数据是如何存储在其中的，只有这样我们才能找到上述问题的解决方案:

如何在Android系统下以编程方式从设备上读取短信?

在android中，短信表是这样的

现在您可以从数据库中选择您想要的任何内容。在我们的例子中，我们只需要

身份，地址和正文

阅读短信时:

1.请求许可

int REQUEST_PHONE_CALL = 1;

   if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS}, REQUEST_PHONE_CALL);
        }

or

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

2.现在你的代码是这样的

// Create Inbox box URI
Uri inboxURI = Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox");

// List required columns
String[] reqCols = new String[]{"_id", "address", "body"};

// Get Content Resolver object, which will deal with Content Provider
ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

// Fetch Inbox SMS Message from Built-in Content Provider
Cursor c = cr.query(inboxURI, reqCols, null, null, null);

// Attached Cursor with adapter and display in listview
adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.a1_row, c,
        new String[]{"body", "address"}, new int[]{
        R.id.A1_txt_Msg, R.id.A1_txt_Number});
lst.setAdapter(adapter);

我希望这对你有所帮助。 谢谢。