如果你想快速插入一些查询，你可以使用h2数据。还有SQL查询

应用程序。属性包括:

spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb

#This directs the data.sql file and help it to run
spring.sql.init.data-locations=classpath:data.sql
spring.jpa.defer-datasource-initialization=true

数据。SQL文件包括:

INSERT INTO todo (id, username, description, target_date, is_done) VALUES (10001, 'lighteducation', 'Learn dance', CURRENT_DATE ,false);

INSERT INTO todo (id, username, description, target_date, is_done) VALUES (10002, 'lighteducation', 'Learn Angular14', CURRENT_DATE, false);

INSERT INTO todo (id, username, description, target_date, is_done) VALUES (10003, 'lighteducation', 'Learn Microservices', CURRENT_DATE,false);

注:数据。SQL文件应该在src/main/resources中

你的@实体包含

@Getter
@Setter
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Entity
public class Todo {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    private String username;
    private String description;
    private Date targetDate;
    private boolean isDone;

    protected Todo() {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Todo todo = (Todo) o;
        return id == todo.id;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(id);
    }
}

基本上就是这样。它将在内存中，这意味着当您重新启动应用程序时，数据将再次与查询显示的相同。

但它很容易进行快速检查

此外，您可以通过http://localhost:8080/h2-console/访问该路径，也可以从.properties文件编辑该路径

如果你想只插入几行，你有JPA设置。您可以使用下面的方法

    @SpringBootApplication
        @Slf4j
        public class HospitalManagementApplication {

            public static void main(String[] args) {
                SpringApplication.run(HospitalManagementApplication.class, args);
            }            

            @Bean
            ApplicationRunner init(PatientRepository repository) {
                return (ApplicationArguments args) ->  dataSetup(repository);
            } 

            public void dataSetup(PatientRepository repository){
            //inserts

     }

您可以简单地创建一个导入。在src/main/resources中创建一个sql文件，Hibernate将在创建模式时执行它。

有多种方法可以实现这一点。我倾向于使用以下选项之一:

选项1:使用CommandLineRunner bean初始化:

@Bean
public CommandLineRunner loadData(CustomerRepository repository) {
    return (args) -> {
        // save a couple of customers
        repository.save(new Customer("Jack", "Bauer"));
        repository.save(new Customer("Chloe", "O'Brian"));
        repository.save(new Customer("Kim", "Bauer"));
        repository.save(new Customer("David", "Palmer"));
        repository.save(new Customer("Michelle", "Dessler"));

        // fetch all customers
        log.info("Customers found with findAll():");
        log.info("-------------------------------");
        for (Customer customer : repository.findAll()) {
            log.info(customer.toString());
        }
        log.info("");

        // fetch an individual customer by ID
        Customer customer = repository.findOne(1L);
        log.info("Customer found with findOne(1L):");
        log.info("--------------------------------");
        log.info(customer.toString());
        log.info("");

        // fetch customers by last name
        log.info("Customer found with findByLastNameStartsWithIgnoreCase('Bauer'):");
        log.info("--------------------------------------------");
        for (Customer bauer : repository
                .findByLastNameStartsWithIgnoreCase("Bauer")) {
            log.info(bauer.toString());
        }
        log.info("");
    }
}

选项2:使用模式和数据SQL脚本进行初始化

先决条件:

application.properties

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none

解释:

没有ddl-auto SQL脚本将被忽略 休眠和触发默认行为-扫描项目 @实体和/或@表注释类。

然后，在你的MyApplication类中粘贴这个:

@Bean(name = "dataSource")
public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource() {
    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName("org.h2.Driver");
    dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:h2:~/myDB;MV_STORE=false");
    dataSource.setUsername("sa");
    dataSource.setPassword("");

    // schema init
    Resource initSchema = new ClassPathResource("scripts/schema-h2.sql");
    Resource initData = new ClassPathResource("scripts/data-h2.sql");
    DatabasePopulator databasePopulator = new ResourceDatabasePopulator(initSchema, initData);
    DatabasePopulatorUtils.execute(databasePopulator, dataSource);

    return dataSource;
}

脚本文件夹位于资源文件夹下(IntelliJ Idea)

希望它能帮助到别人

更新04-2021:这两个选项都很适合与Spring Profiles结合使用，因为这将帮助您避免创建额外的配置文件，使您作为开发人员的生活变得轻松。

这也是可行的。

    @Bean
    CommandLineRunner init (StudentRepo studentRepo){
        return args -> {
            // Adding two students objects
            List<String> names = Arrays.asList("udara", "sampath");
            names.forEach(name -> studentRepo.save(new Student(name)));
        };
    }

我创建了一个库，用于在Spring Boot应用程序中加载初始/演示数据。你可以在https://github.com/piotrpolak/spring-boot-data-fixtures上找到它

一旦数据fixture启动器位于类路径上，它将在应用程序启动时自动尝试加载DICTIONARY数据(此行为可以由属性控制)—您所需要做的就是注册一个实现DataFixture的bean。

我发现通过代码加载初始数据优于使用SQL脚本加载:

fixture的逻辑与应用程序逻辑/领域模型非常接近，随着领域的发展，它也会进行重构 你可以从增量的演示数据更新中获益——想象一个QA环境中有一些用户数据(在应用程序部署后不需要丢失)，但同时你想为你开发的新功能添加数据

数据夹具示例:

/**
 * You can have as many fixture classes as you want.
 * @Order annotation is respected for the fixtures belonging to the same set.
 * You can make your demo database to be incrementally updated with fresh data
 * each time the application is redeployed - all you need to do is to write
 * a good condition in `canBeLoaded()` method.
 */
@Component
public class InitialDataFixture implements DataFixture {

    private final LanguageRepository languageRepository;

    // ...

    @Override
    public DataFixtureSet getSet() {
      return DataFixtureSet.DICTIONARY;
    }

    /**
     * We want to make sure the fixture is applied once and once only.
     * A more sophisticated condition can be used to create incremental demo data
     * over time without the need to reset the QA database (for example).
     */
    @Override
    public boolean canBeLoaded() {
      return languageRepository.size() == 0;
    }

    /**
     * The actual application of the fixture.
     * Assuming that data fixtures are registered as beans, this method can call
     * other services and/or repositories.
     */
    @Override
    public void load() {
      languageRepository.saveAll(Arrays.asList(
          new Language("en-US"), new Language("pl-PL")));
    }
}

这个概念的灵感来自Symfony Doctrine数据fixture包。