如果你有一个url字符串，你想用一个参数来装饰，你可以试试这个在线程序:

urlstring += ( urlstring.match( /[\?]/g ) ? '&' : '?' ) + 'param=value';

这意味着什么?将是参数的前缀，但如果已经有?在urlstring中，than &将是前缀。

我也会建议做encodeURI(paramvariable)，如果你没有硬编码参数，但它是在一个paramvariable;或者里面有有趣的角色。

encodeURI函数的使用请参见javascript URL编码。

以下功能将帮助您添加，更新和删除参数或从URL。

/ / example1and

var myURL = '/search';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search

/ / example2

var myURL = '/search?category=mobile';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile

/ /青年们

var myURL = '/search?location=texas';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search

/ / example4

var myURL = '/search?category=mobile&location=texas';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile

/ / example5

var myURL = 'https://example.com/search?location=texas#fragment';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california#fragment

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york#fragment

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search#fragment

这是函数。

function updateUrl(url,key,value){
      if(value!==undefined){
        value = encodeURI(value);
      }
      var hashIndex = url.indexOf("#")|0;
      if (hashIndex === -1) hashIndex = url.length|0;
      var urls = url.substring(0, hashIndex).split('?');
      var baseUrl = urls[0];
      var parameters = '';
      var outPara = {};
      if(urls.length>1){
          parameters = urls[1];
      }
      if(parameters!==''){
        parameters = parameters.split('&');
        for(k in parameters){
          var keyVal = parameters[k];
          keyVal = keyVal.split('=');
          var ekey = keyVal[0];
          var evalue = '';
          if(keyVal.length>1){
              evalue = keyVal[1];
          }
          outPara[ekey] = evalue;
        }
      }

      if(value!==undefined){
        outPara[key] = value;
      }else{
        delete outPara[key];
      }
      parameters = [];
      for(var k in outPara){
        parameters.push(k + '=' + outPara[k]);
      }

      var finalUrl = baseUrl;

      if(parameters.length>0){
        finalUrl += '?' + parameters.join('&'); 
      }

      return finalUrl + url.substring(hashIndex); 
  }

你需要适应的基本实现是这样的:

function insertParam(key, value) {
    key = encodeURIComponent(key);
    value = encodeURIComponent(value);

    // kvp looks like ['key1=value1', 'key2=value2', ...]
    var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
    let i=0;

    for(; i<kvp.length; i++){
        if (kvp[i].startsWith(key + '=')) {
            let pair = kvp[i].split('=');
            pair[1] = value;
            kvp[i] = pair.join('=');
            break;
        }
    }

    if(i >= kvp.length){
        kvp[kvp.length] = [key,value].join('=');
    }

    // can return this or...
    let params = kvp.join('&');

    // reload page with new params
    document.location.search = params;
}

这大约是正则表达式或基于搜索的解决方案的两倍，但这完全取决于查询字符串的长度和任何匹配的索引

为了完成起见，我以慢速regex方法为基准(大约慢了150%)

function insertParam2(key,value)
{
    key = encodeURIComponent(key); value = encodeURIComponent(value);

    var s = document.location.search;
    var kvp = key+"="+value;

    var r = new RegExp("(&|\\?)"+key+"=[^\&]*");

    s = s.replace(r,"$1"+kvp);

    if(!RegExp.$1) {s += (s.length>0 ? '&' : '?') + kvp;};

    //again, do what you will here
    document.location.search = s;
}

试一试 正则表达式，如此之慢，因此:

var SetParamUrl = function(_k, _v) {// replace and add new parameters

    let arrParams = window.location.search !== '' ? decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)).split('&').map(_v => _v.split('=')) : Array();
    let index = arrParams.findIndex((_v) => _v[0] === _k); 
    index = index !== -1 ? index : arrParams.length;
    _v === null ? arrParams = arrParams.filter((_v, _i) => _i != index) : arrParams[index] = [_k, _v];
    let _search = encodeURIComponent(arrParams.map(_v => _v.join('=')).join('&'));

    let newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + (arrParams.length > 0 ? '?' +  _search : ''); 

    // window.location = newurl; //reload 

    if (history.pushState) { // without reload  
        window.history.pushState({path:newurl}, null, newurl);
    }

};

var GetParamUrl = function(_k) {// get parameter by key

    let sPageURL = decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)),
        sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&').map(_v => _v.split('='));
    let _result = sURLVariables.find(_v => _v[0] === _k);
    return _result[1];

};

例子:

        // https://some.com/some_path
        GetParamUrl('cat');//undefined
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strData");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strData
        SetParamUrl('sotr', "strDataSort");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('sotr');//strDataSort
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strDataTwo");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strDataTwo&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strDataTwo
        //remove param
        SetParamUrl('cat', null);// https://some.com/some_path?sotr=strDataSort

以下几点:

合并重复的查询字符串参数 使用绝对和相对url 在浏览器和节点中工作

/**
 * Adds query params to existing URLs (inc merging duplicates)
 * @param {string} url - src URL to modify
 * @param {object} params - key/value object of params to add
 * @returns {string} modified URL
 */
function addQueryParamsToUrl(url, params) {

    // if URL is relative, we'll need to add a fake base
    var fakeBase = !url.startsWith('http') ? 'http://fake-base.com' : undefined;
    var modifiedUrl = new URL(url || '', fakeBase);

    // add/update params
    Object.keys(params).forEach(function(key) {
        if (modifiedUrl.searchParams.has(key)) {
            modifiedUrl.searchParams.set(key, params[key]);
        }
        else {
            modifiedUrl.searchParams.append(key, params[key]);
        }
    });

    // return as string (remove fake base if present)
    return modifiedUrl.toString().replace(fakeBase, '');
}

例子:

// returns /guides?tag=api
addQueryParamsToUrl('/guides?tag=hardware', { tag:'api' })

// returns https://orcascan.com/guides?tag=api
addQueryParamsToUrl('https://orcascan.com/guides?tag=hardware', { tag: 'api' })

有时我们看到?在URL结尾，我找到了一些解决方案，生成的结果为file.php?&foo=bar。我想出了我自己的解决方案，以完美地工作!

location.origin + location.pathname + location.search + (location.search=='' ? '?' : '&') + 'lang=ar'

注意:位置。origin不能在IE中工作，这里是它的修复。