我一直在寻找一种简单的Java算法来生成伪随机字母数字字符串。在我的情况下,它将被用作唯一的会话/密钥标识符,“很可能”在超过50万代的时间内是唯一的(我的需求实际上不需要更复杂的东西)。
理想情况下,我可以根据我的独特性需求指定长度。例如,生成的长度为12的字符串可能看起来像“AEYGF7K0DM1X”。
我一直在寻找一种简单的Java算法来生成伪随机字母数字字符串。在我的情况下,它将被用作唯一的会话/密钥标识符,“很可能”在超过50万代的时间内是唯一的(我的需求实际上不需要更复杂的东西)。
理想情况下,我可以根据我的独特性需求指定长度。例如,生成的长度为12的字符串可能看起来像“AEYGF7K0DM1X”。
当前回答
我使用的是一个非常简单的Java8解决方案。只需根据您的需求进行定制。
...
import java.security.SecureRandom;
...
//Generate a random String of length between 10 to 20.
//Length is also randomly generated here.
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
String sampleSet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789_";
int stringLength = random.ints(1, 10, 21).mapToObj(x -> x).reduce((a, b) -> a).get();
String randomString = random.ints(stringLength, 0, sampleSet.length() - 1)
.mapToObj(x -> sampleSet.charAt(x))
.collect(Collector
.of(StringBuilder::new, StringBuilder::append,
StringBuilder::append, StringBuilder::toString));
我们可以使用它生成如下的字母数字随机字符串(返回的字符串将强制包含一些非数字字符以及一些数字字符):
public String generateRandomString() {
String sampleSet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz_";
String sampleSetNumeric = "0123456789";
String randomString = getRandomString(sampleSet, 10, 21);
String randomStringNumeric = getRandomString(sampleSetNumeric, 10, 21);
randomString = randomString + randomStringNumeric;
//Convert String to List<Character>
List<Character> list = randomString.chars()
.mapToObj(x -> (char)x)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Collections.shuffle(list);
//This is needed to force a non-numeric character as the first String
//Skip this for() if you don't need this logic
for(;;) {
if(Character.isDigit(list.get(0))) Collections.shuffle(list);
else break;
}
//Convert List<Character> to String
randomString = list.stream()
.map(String::valueOf)
.collect(Collectors.joining());
return randomString;
}
//Generate a random number between the lower bound (inclusive) and upper bound (exclusive)
private int getRandomLength(int min, int max) {
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
return random.ints(1, min, max).mapToObj(x -> x).reduce((a, b) -> a).get();
}
//Generate a random String from the given sample string, having a random length between the lower bound (inclusive) and upper bound (exclusive)
private String getRandomString(String sampleSet, int min, int max) {
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
return random.ints(getRandomLength(min, max), 0, sampleSet.length() - 1)
.mapToObj(x -> sampleSet.charAt(x))
.collect(Collector
.of(StringBuilder::new, StringBuilder::append,
StringBuilder::append, StringBuilder::toString));
}
其他回答
您提到“简单”,但如果其他人正在寻找符合更严格安全要求的产品,您可能需要看看jpwgen。jpwgen在Unix中以pwgen为模型,非常可配置。
您可以创建一个包含所有字母和数字的字符数组,然后可以从该字符数组中随机选择并创建自己的字符串密码。
char[] chars = new char[62]; // Sum of letters and numbers
int i = 0;
for(char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++) { // For letters
chars[i++] = c;
}
for(char c = '0'; c <= '9';c++) { // For numbers
chars[i++] = c;
}
for(char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z';c++) { // For capital letters
chars[i++] = c;
}
int numberOfCodes = 0;
String code = "";
while (numberOfCodes < 1) { // Enter how much you want to generate at one time
int numChars = 8; // Enter how many digits you want in your password
for(i = 0; i < numChars; i++) {
char c = chars[(int)(Math.random() * chars.length)];
code = code + c;
}
System.out.println("Code is:" + code);
}
我开发了一个应用程序,为我的项目开发一个自动生成的字母数字字符串。在这个字符串中,前三个字符是字母,后七个字符是整数。
public class AlphaNumericGenerator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
java.util.Random r = new java.util.Random();
int i = 1, n = 0;
char c;
String str = "";
for (int t = 0; t < 3; t++) {
while (true) {
i = r.nextInt(10);
if (i > 5 && i < 10) {
if (i == 9) {
i = 90;
n = 90;
break;
}
if (i != 90) {
n = i * 10 + r.nextInt(10);
while (n < 65) {
n = i * 10 + r.nextInt(10);
}
}
break;
}
}
c = (char)n;
str = String.valueOf(c) + str;
}
while(true){
i = r.nextInt(10000000);
if(i > 999999)
break;
}
str = str + i;
System.out.println(str);
}
}
另一个解决方案。。。
public static String generatePassword(int passwordLength) {
int asciiFirst = 33;
int asciiLast = 126;
Integer[] exceptions = { 34, 39, 96 };
List<Integer> exceptionsList = Arrays.asList(exceptions);
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i=0; i<passwordLength; i++) {
int charIndex;
do {
charIndex = random.nextInt(asciiLast - asciiFirst + 1) + asciiFirst;
}
while (exceptionsList.contains(charIndex));
builder.append((char) charIndex);
}
return builder.toString();
}
public static String getRandomString(int length) {
char[] chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST".toCharArray();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
char c = chars[random.nextInt(chars.length)];
sb.append(c);
}
String randomStr = sb.toString();
return randomStr;
}