我一直在寻找一种简单的Java算法来生成伪随机字母数字字符串。在我的情况下,它将被用作唯一的会话/密钥标识符,“很可能”在超过50万代的时间内是唯一的(我的需求实际上不需要更复杂的东西)。

理想情况下,我可以根据我的独特性需求指定长度。例如,生成的长度为12的字符串可能看起来像“AEYGF7K0DM1X”。


当前回答

public static String RandomAlphanum(int length)
{
    String charstring = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
    String randalphanum = "";
    double randroll;
    String randchar;
    for (double i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        randroll = Math.random();
        randchar = "";
        for (int j = 1; j <= 35; j++)
        {
            if (randroll <= (1.0 / 36.0 * j))
            {
                randchar = Character.toString(charstring.charAt(j - 1));
                break;
            }
        }
        randalphanum += randchar;
    }
    return randalphanum;
}

我使用Math.random()使用了一个非常原始的算法。为了增加随机性,可以直接实现util.Date类。尽管如此,它还是有效的。

其他回答

如果您愿意使用Apache类,可以使用org.Apache.mons.text.RandomStringGenerator(Apache commons文本)。

例子:

RandomStringGenerator randomStringGenerator =
        new RandomStringGenerator.Builder()
                .withinRange('0', 'z')
                .filteredBy(CharacterPredicates.LETTERS, CharacterPredicates.DIGITS)
                .build();
randomStringGenerator.generate(12); // toUpperCase() if you want

自Apache Commons Lang 3.6以来,RandomStringUtils已被弃用。

static final String AB = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
static SecureRandom rnd = new SecureRandom();

String randomString(int len){
   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(len);
   for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
      sb.append(AB.charAt(rnd.nextInt(AB.length())));
   return sb.toString();
}

如果密码必须包含数字和字母特殊字符,则可以使用以下代码:

private static final String NUMBERS = "0123456789";
private static final String UPPER_ALPHABETS = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static final String LOWER_ALPHABETS = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
private static final String SPECIALCHARACTERS = "@#$%&*";
private static final int MINLENGTHOFPASSWORD = 8;

public static String getRandomPassword() {
    StringBuilder password = new StringBuilder();
    int j = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < MINLENGTHOFPASSWORD; i++) {
        password.append(getRandomPasswordCharacters(j));
        j++;
        if (j == 3) {
            j = 0;
        }
    }
    return password.toString();
}

private static String getRandomPasswordCharacters(int pos) {
    Random randomNum = new Random();
    StringBuilder randomChar = new StringBuilder();
    switch (pos) {
        case 0:
            randomChar.append(NUMBERS.charAt(randomNum.nextInt(NUMBERS.length() - 1)));
            break;
        case 1:
            randomChar.append(UPPER_ALPHABETS.charAt(randomNum.nextInt(UPPER_ALPHABETS.length() - 1)));
            break;
        case 2:
            randomChar.append(SPECIALCHARACTERS.charAt(randomNum.nextInt(SPECIALCHARACTERS.length() - 1)));
            break;
        case 3:
            randomChar.append(LOWER_ALPHABETS.charAt(randomNum.nextInt(LOWER_ALPHABETS.length() - 1)));
            break;
    }
    return randomChar.toString();
}
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class alphanumeric {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        String nval, lenval;
        int n, len;

        nval = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter number of codes you require: ");
        n = Integer.parseInt(nval);

        lenval = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter code length you require: ");
        len = Integer.parseInt(lenval);

        find(n, len);
    }

    public static void find(int n, int length) {
        String str1 = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(length);
        Random r = new Random();

        System.out.println("\n\t Unique codes are \n\n");
        for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<length; j++) {
                sb.append(str1.charAt(r.nextInt(str1.length())));
            }
            System.out.println("  " + sb.toString());
            sb.delete(0, length);
        }
    }
}

您可以创建一个包含所有字母和数字的字符数组,然后可以从该字符数组中随机选择并创建自己的字符串密码。

char[] chars = new char[62]; // Sum of letters and numbers

int i = 0;

for(char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++) { // For letters
    chars[i++] = c;
}

for(char c = '0'; c <= '9';c++) { // For numbers
    chars[i++] = c;
}

for(char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z';c++) { // For capital letters
    chars[i++] = c;
}

int numberOfCodes = 0;
String code = "";
while (numberOfCodes < 1) { // Enter how much you want to generate at one time
    int numChars = 8; // Enter how many digits you want in your password

    for(i = 0; i < numChars; i++) {
        char c = chars[(int)(Math.random() * chars.length)];
        code = code + c;
    }
    System.out.println("Code is:" + code);
}