我想用jQuery异步上传文件。
$（文档）.ready（函数（）{$（“#uploadbutton”）.click（函数（）{var filename=$（“#file”）.val（）；$.ajax美元({类型：“POST”，url:“addFile.do”，enctype:'多部分/表单数据'，数据：{文件：文件名},成功：函数（）{alert（“上传的数据：”）；}});});});<script src=“https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.0/jquery.min.js“></script><span>文件</span><input type=“file”id=“file”name=“file”size=“10”/><input id=“uploadbutton”type=“button”value=“Upload”/>
我只得到文件名，而不是上传文件。我可以做什么来解决这个问题？
当前回答
jQueryUploadify是我以前用来上传文件的另一个好插件。JavaScript代码如下所示：code。但是，新版本在Internet Explorer中不起作用。
$('#file_upload').uploadify({
'swf': '/public/js/uploadify.swf',
'uploader': '/Upload.ashx?formGuid=' + $('#formGuid').val(),
'cancelImg': '/public/images/uploadify-cancel.png',
'multi': true,
'onQueueComplete': function (queueData) {
// ...
},
'onUploadStart': function (file) {
// ...
}
});
我做了大量的搜索，我找到了另一种不用任何插件、只使用ajax上传文件的解决方案。解决方案如下：
$(document).ready(function () {
$('#btn_Upload').live('click', AjaxFileUpload);
});
function AjaxFileUpload() {
var fileInput = document.getElementById("#Uploader");
var file = fileInput.files[0];
var fd = new FormData();
fd.append("files", file);
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", 'Uploader.ashx');
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
alert('success');
}
else if (uploadResult == 'success')
alert('error');
};
xhr.send(fd);
}
其他回答
注意：此答案已过时，现在可以使用XHR上载文件。
不能使用XMLHttpRequest（Ajax）上载文件。可以使用iframe或Flash模拟效果。优秀的jQuery表单插件，通过iframe发布文件以获得效果。
在此处查找“异步处理文件的上载过程”：https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Using_files_from_web_applications
链接中的示例
<?php
if (isset($_FILES['myFile'])) {
// Example:
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['myFile']['tmp_name'], "uploads/" . $_FILES['myFile']['name']);
exit;
}
?><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>dnd binary upload</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript">
function sendFile(file) {
var uri = "/index.php";
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
var fd = new FormData();
xhr.open("POST", uri, true);
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
// Handle response.
alert(xhr.responseText); // handle response.
}
};
fd.append('myFile', file);
// Initiate a multipart/form-data upload
xhr.send(fd);
}
window.onload = function() {
var dropzone = document.getElementById("dropzone");
dropzone.ondragover = dropzone.ondragenter = function(event) {
event.stopPropagation();
event.preventDefault();
}
dropzone.ondrop = function(event) {
event.stopPropagation();
event.preventDefault();
var filesArray = event.dataTransfer.files;
for (var i=0; i<filesArray.length; i++) {
sendFile(filesArray[i]);
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div id="dropzone" style="margin:30px; width:500px; height:300px; border:1px dotted grey;">Drag & drop your file here...</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
对于PHP，请查找https://developer.hyvor.com/php/image-upload-ajax-php-mysql
HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>Image Upload with AJAX, PHP and MYSQL</title>
</head>
<body>
<form onsubmit="submitForm(event);">
<input type="file" name="image" id="image-selecter" accept="image/*">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Upload Image">
</form>
<div id="uploading-text" style="display:none;">Uploading...</div>
<img id="preview">
</body>
</html>
JAVASCRIPT语言
var previewImage = document.getElementById("preview"),
uploadingText = document.getElementById("uploading-text");
function submitForm(event) {
// prevent default form submission
event.preventDefault();
uploadImage();
}
function uploadImage() {
var imageSelecter = document.getElementById("image-selecter"),
file = imageSelecter.files[0];
if (!file)
return alert("Please select a file");
// clear the previous image
previewImage.removeAttribute("src");
// show uploading text
uploadingText.style.display = "block";
// create form data and append the file
var formData = new FormData();
formData.append("image", file);
// do the ajax part
var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();
ajax.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState === 4 && this.status === 200) {
var json = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
if (!json || json.status !== true)
return uploadError(json.error);
showImage(json.url);
}
}
ajax.open("POST", "upload.php", true);
ajax.send(formData); // send the form data
}
PHP
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$user = 'user';
$password = 'password';
$database = 'database';
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $user, $password, $database);
try {
if (empty($_FILES['image'])) {
throw new Exception('Image file is missing');
}
$image = $_FILES['image'];
// check INI error
if ($image['error'] !== 0) {
if ($image['error'] === 1)
throw new Exception('Max upload size exceeded');
throw new Exception('Image uploading error: INI Error');
}
// check if the file exists
if (!file_exists($image['tmp_name']))
throw new Exception('Image file is missing in the server');
$maxFileSize = 2 * 10e6; // in bytes
if ($image['size'] > $maxFileSize)
throw new Exception('Max size limit exceeded');
// check if uploaded file is an image
$imageData = getimagesize($image['tmp_name']);
if (!$imageData)
throw new Exception('Invalid image');
$mimeType = $imageData['mime'];
// validate mime type
$allowedMimeTypes = ['image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'image/gif'];
if (!in_array($mimeType, $allowedMimeTypes))
throw new Exception('Only JPEG, PNG and GIFs are allowed');
// nice! it's a valid image
// get file extension (ex: jpg, png) not (.jpg)
$fileExtention = strtolower(pathinfo($image['name'] ,PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
// create random name for your image
$fileName = round(microtime(true)) . mt_rand() . '.' . $fileExtention; // anyfilename.jpg
// Create the path starting from DOCUMENT ROOT of your website
$path = '/examples/image-upload/images/' . $fileName;
// file path in the computer - where to save it
$destination = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . $path;
if (!move_uploaded_file($image['tmp_name'], $destination))
throw new Exception('Error in moving the uploaded file');
// create the url
$protocol = stripos($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'],'https') === true ? 'https://' : 'http://';
$domain = $protocol . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
$url = $domain . $path;
$stmt = $mysqli -> prepare('INSERT INTO image_uploads (url) VALUES (?)');
if (
$stmt &&
$stmt -> bind_param('s', $url) &&
$stmt -> execute()
) {
exit(
json_encode(
array(
'status' => true,
'url' => $url
)
)
);
} else
throw new Exception('Error in saving into the database');
} catch (Exception $e) {
exit(json_encode(
array (
'status' => false,
'error' => $e -> getMessage()
)
));
}
这个AJAX文件上传jQuery插件在某处上传文件，并传递对回调的响应。
它不依赖于特定的HTML，只需给它一个＜input-type=“file”＞它不要求服务器以任何特定方式响应使用多少文件或文件在页面上的位置无关紧要
--尽可能少地使用--
$('#one-specific-file').ajaxfileupload({
'action': '/upload.php'
});
--或者--
$('input[type="file"]').ajaxfileupload({
'action': '/upload.php',
'params': {
'extra': 'info'
},
'onComplete': function(response) {
console.log('custom handler for file:');
alert(JSON.stringify(response));
},
'onStart': function() {
if(weWantedTo) return false; // cancels upload
},
'onCancel': function() {
console.log('no file selected');
}
});
你可以很容易地用普通JavaScript实现。以下是我当前项目的片段：
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.upload.onprogress = function(e) {
var percent = (e.position/ e.totalSize);
// Render a pretty progress bar
};
xhr.onreadystatechange = function(e) {
if(this.readyState === 4) {
// Handle file upload complete
}
};
xhr.open('POST', '/upload', true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('X-FileName',file.name); // Pass the filename along
xhr.send(file);
