我决定在现代版本的Python上重新运行基准测试，并发现几乎完全颠倒了基准测试

我运行了以下命令:

py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return len(tuple(x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return len(list(x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return sum(map(lambda i: 1, x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return sum(1 for _ in x)" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  d = deque(enumerate(x, 1), maxlen=1)" -s "  return d[0][0] if d else 0" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  counter = count()" -s "  deque(zip(x, counter), maxlen=0)" -s "  return next(counter)" -- "itlen(it)"

它们等价于为以下每个itlen*(it)函数计时:

it = iter(range(1000000))
from collections import deque
from itertools import count

def itlen1(x):
  return len(tuple(x))
def itlen2(x):
  return len(list(x))
def itlen3(x):
  return sum(map(lambda i: 1, x))
def itlen4(x):
  return sum(1 for _ in x)
def itlen5(x):
  d = deque(enumerate(x, 1), maxlen=1)
  return d[0][0] if d else 0
def itlen6(x):
  counter = count()
  deque(zip(x, counter), maxlen=0)
  return next(counter)

在装有AMD Ryzen 7 5800H和16 GB RAM的Windows 11、Python 3.11机器上，我得到了以下输出:

10000000 loops, best of 5: 103 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 107 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 138 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 164 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 338 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 425 nsec per loop

这表明len(list(x))和len(tuple(x))是绑定的;后面跟着sum(map(lambda i: 1, x));然后紧靠sum(1 for _ in x);那么其他答案中提到的其他更复杂的方法和/或在基数中使用的方法至少要慢两倍。

这在理论上是不可能的:事实上，这就是“停止问题”。

证明

相反，假设可以使用函数len(g)来确定任何生成器g的长度(或无限长度)。

对于任何程序P，现在让我们将P转换为生成器g(P): 对于P中的每个返回点或出口点，产生一个值而不是返回它。

如果len(g(P)) ==无穷大，P不会停止。

这解决了暂停问题，这是不可能的，见维基百科。矛盾。

因此，如果不对泛型生成器进行迭代(==实际运行整个程序)，就不可能对其元素进行计数。

更具体地说，考虑

def g():
    while True:
        yield "more?"

长度是无限的。这样的发生器有无穷多个。

所以，对于那些想知道讨论总结的人。使用以下方法计算5000万长度生成器表达式的最终最高分:

len(列表(创)), Len ([_ for _ in gen])， Sum (1 for _ in gen)， Ilen (gen) (from more_itertool)， Reduce (c, i: c + 1, gen, 0)，

按执行性能排序(包括内存消耗)，会让你大吃一惊:

```

1: test_list.py: 8:0.492 KiB

gen = (i for i in data*1000); t0 = monotonic(); len(list(gen))

('list, sec'， 1.9684218849870376)

2: test_list_compr.py: 8:0.867 KiB

gen = (i for i in data*1000); t0 = monotonic(); len([i for i in gen])

('list_compr, sec'， 2.5885991149989422)

3: test_sum.py:8: 0.859 KiB

gen = (i for i in data*1000); t0 = monotonic(); sum(1 for i in gen); t1 = monotonic()

('sum, sec'， 3.441088170016883)

4: more_itertools/more.py:413: 1.266 KiB

d = deque(enumerate(iterable, 1), maxlen=1)

test_ilen.py:10: 0.875 KiB
gen = (i for i in data*1000); t0 = monotonic(); ilen(gen)

(ilen, sec, 9.812256851990242)

5: test_reduce.py:8: 0.859 KiB

gen = (i for i in data*1000); t0 = monotonic(); reduce(lambda counter, i: counter + 1, gen, 0)

('reduce, sec'， 13.436614598002052) ' ' '

因此，len(list(gen))是使用频率最高且占用内存较少的

我决定在现代版本的Python上重新运行基准测试，并发现几乎完全颠倒了基准测试

我运行了以下命令:

py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return len(tuple(x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return len(list(x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return sum(map(lambda i: 1, x))" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  return sum(1 for _ in x)" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  d = deque(enumerate(x, 1), maxlen=1)" -s "  return d[0][0] if d else 0" -- "itlen(it)"
py -m timeit -n 10000000 -s "it = iter(range(1000000))" -s "from collections import deque" -s "from itertools import count" -s "def itlen(x):" -s "  counter = count()" -s "  deque(zip(x, counter), maxlen=0)" -s "  return next(counter)" -- "itlen(it)"

它们等价于为以下每个itlen*(it)函数计时:

it = iter(range(1000000))
from collections import deque
from itertools import count

def itlen1(x):
  return len(tuple(x))
def itlen2(x):
  return len(list(x))
def itlen3(x):
  return sum(map(lambda i: 1, x))
def itlen4(x):
  return sum(1 for _ in x)
def itlen5(x):
  d = deque(enumerate(x, 1), maxlen=1)
  return d[0][0] if d else 0
def itlen6(x):
  counter = count()
  deque(zip(x, counter), maxlen=0)
  return next(counter)

在装有AMD Ryzen 7 5800H和16 GB RAM的Windows 11、Python 3.11机器上，我得到了以下输出:

10000000 loops, best of 5: 103 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 107 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 138 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 164 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 338 nsec per loop
10000000 loops, best of 5: 425 nsec per loop

这表明len(list(x))和len(tuple(x))是绑定的;后面跟着sum(map(lambda i: 1, x));然后紧靠sum(1 for _ in x);那么其他答案中提到的其他更复杂的方法和/或在基数中使用的方法至少要慢两倍。

虽然一般情况下不可能按照要求去做，但在迭代了多少项之后，对它们进行迭代的次数进行计数通常仍然是有用的。为此，您可以使用jaraco.itertools.Counter或类似的方法。下面是一个使用python3和rwt加载包的例子。

$ rwt -q jaraco.itertools -- -q
>>> import jaraco.itertools
>>> items = jaraco.itertools.Counter(range(100))
>>> _ = list(counted)
>>> items.count
100
>>> import random
>>> def gen(n):
...     for i in range(n):
...         if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
...             yield i
... 
>>> items = jaraco.itertools.Counter(gen(100))
>>> _ = list(counted)
>>> items.count
48

一个简单的方法是使用内置函数set()或list():

答:set()在迭代器中没有重复项的情况下(最快的方式)

iter = zip([1,2,3],['a','b','c'])
print(len(set(iter)) # set(iter) = {(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')}
Out[45]: 3

or

iter = range(1,10)
print(len(set(iter)) # set(iter) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
Out[47]: 9

B: list()以防迭代器中有重复的项

iter = (1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2)
print(len(list(iter)) # list(iter) = [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2]
Out[49]: 8
# compare with set function
print(len(set(iter)) # set(iter) = {1, 2}
Out[51]: 2