让我们把你的优秀和最喜欢的扩展方法列一个列表。

要求是必须发布完整的代码,以及如何使用它的示例和解释。

基于对这个主题的高度兴趣,我在Codeplex上建立了一个名为extensionoverflow的开源项目。

请将您的回答标记为接受,以便将代码放入Codeplex项目。

请张贴完整的源代码,而不是一个链接。

Codeplex上新闻:

24.08.2010 Codeplex页面现在在这里:http://extensionoverflow.codeplex.com/

11.11.2008 XmlSerialize / XmlDeserialize现在是实现和单元测试。

11.11.2008仍有发展空间。;-)现在就加入!

11.11.2008第三位贡献者加入了ExtensionOverflow,欢迎加入BKristensen

11.11.2008 FormatWith现在是实现和单元测试。

09.11.2008第二个贡献者加入ExtensionOverflow。欢迎来到chakrit。

我们需要更多的开发人员。: -)

09.11.2008 ThrowIfArgumentIsNull现已在Codeplex上实现和单元测试。


当前回答

您可以从Random类中获得许多功能。

下面是我经常使用的一些扩展方法。有了这些,除了Next和NextDouble, Random类还提供了NextBool, NextChar, NextDateTime, NextTimeSpan, NextDouble(接受minValue和maxValue参数),以及我个人最喜欢的NextString。还有更多(NextByte, NextShort, NextLong等);但这些主要是为了完整性,并不经常使用。所以我没有在这里包含它们(这段代码已经足够长了!)。

// todo: implement additional CharType values (e.g., AsciiAny)
public enum CharType {
    AlphabeticLower,
    AlphabeticUpper,
    AlphabeticAny,
    AlphanumericLower,
    AlphanumericUpper,
    AlphanumericAny,
    Numeric
}

public static class RandomExtensions {
    // 10 digits vs. 52 alphabetic characters (upper & lower);
    // probability of being numeric: 10 / 62 = 0.1612903225806452
    private const double AlphanumericProbabilityNumericAny = 10.0 / 62.0;

    // 10 digits vs. 26 alphabetic characters (upper OR lower);
    // probability of being numeric: 10 / 36 = 0.2777777777777778
    private const double AlphanumericProbabilityNumericCased = 10.0 / 36.0;

    public static bool NextBool(this Random random, double probability) {
        return random.NextDouble() <= probability;
    }

    public static bool NextBool(this Random random) {
        return random.NextDouble() <= 0.5;
    }

    public static char NextChar(this Random random, CharType mode) {
        switch (mode) {
            case CharType.AlphabeticAny:
                return random.NextAlphabeticChar();
            case CharType.AlphabeticLower:
                return random.NextAlphabeticChar(false);
            case CharType.AlphabeticUpper:
                return random.NextAlphabeticChar(true);
            case CharType.AlphanumericAny:
                return random.NextAlphanumericChar();
            case CharType.AlphanumericLower:
                return random.NextAlphanumericChar(false);
            case CharType.AlphanumericUpper:
                return random.NextAlphanumericChar(true);
            case CharType.Numeric:
                return random.NextNumericChar();
            default:
                return random.NextAlphanumericChar();
        }
    }

    public static char NextChar(this Random random) {
        return random.NextChar(CharType.AlphanumericAny);
    }

    private static char NextAlphanumericChar(this Random random, bool uppercase) {
        bool numeric = random.NextBool(AlphanumericProbabilityNumericCased);

        if (numeric)
            return random.NextNumericChar();
        else
            return random.NextAlphabeticChar(uppercase);
    }

    private static char NextAlphanumericChar(this Random random) {
        bool numeric = random.NextBool(AlphanumericProbabilityNumericAny);

        if (numeric)
            return random.NextNumericChar();
        else
            return random.NextAlphabeticChar(random.NextBool());
    }

    private static char NextAlphabeticChar(this Random random, bool uppercase) {
        if (uppercase)
            return (char)random.Next(65, 91);
        else
            return (char)random.Next(97, 123);
    }

    private static char NextAlphabeticChar(this Random random) {
        return random.NextAlphabeticChar(random.NextBool());
    }

    private static char NextNumericChar(this Random random) {
        return (char)random.Next(48, 58);
    }

    public static DateTime NextDateTime(this Random random, DateTime minValue, DateTime maxValue) {
        return DateTime.FromOADate(
            random.NextDouble(minValue.ToOADate(), maxValue.ToOADate())
        );
    }

    public static DateTime NextDateTime(this Random random) {
        return random.NextDateTime(DateTime.MinValue, DateTime.MaxValue);
    }

    public static double NextDouble(this Random random, double minValue, double maxValue) {
        if (maxValue < minValue)
            throw new ArgumentException("Minimum value must be less than maximum value.");

        double difference = maxValue - minValue;
        if (!double.IsInfinity(difference))
            return minValue + (random.NextDouble() * difference);

        else {
            // to avoid evaluating to Double.Infinity, we split the range into two halves:
            double halfDifference = (maxValue * 0.5) - (minValue * 0.5);

            // 50/50 chance of returning a value from the first or second half of the range
            if (random.NextBool())
                return minValue + (random.NextDouble() * halfDifference);
            else
                return (minValue + halfDifference) + (random.NextDouble() * halfDifference);
        }
    }

    public static string NextString(this Random random, int numChars, CharType mode) {
        char[] chars = new char[numChars];

        for (int i = 0; i < numChars; ++i)
            chars[i] = random.NextChar(mode);

        return new string(chars);
    }

    public static string NextString(this Random random, int numChars) {
        return random.NextString(numChars, CharType.AlphanumericAny);
    }

    public static TimeSpan NextTimeSpan(this Random random, TimeSpan minValue, TimeSpan maxValue) {
        return TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(
            random.NextDouble(minValue.TotalMilliseconds, maxValue.TotalMilliseconds)
        );
    }

    public static TimeSpan NextTimeSpan(this Random random) {
        return random.NextTimeSpan(TimeSpan.MinValue, TimeSpan.MaxValue);
    }
}

其他回答

在。net中,有IndexOf和LastIndexOf方法,它们返回String对象中第一个和最后一个匹配项的索引。我有一个扩展方法来获得第n次出现的索引:

public static partial class StringExtensions {

    public static int NthIndexOf(this String str, String match, int occurrence) {
        int i = 1;
        int index = 0;

        while (i <= occurrence && 
            ( index = str.IndexOf(match, index + 1) ) != -1) {

            if (i == occurrence) {
                // Occurrence match found!
                return index;
            }
            i++;
        }

        // Match not found
        return -1;
    }
}

一些用于使用列表的扩展:

/// <summary>
/// Wrap an object in a list
/// </summary>
public static IList<T> WrapInList<T>(this T item)
{
    List<T> result = new List<T>();
    result.Add(item);
    return result;
}

使用如:

myList = someObject.InList();

使IEnumerable包含来自一个或多个源的项,以使IEnumerable更像列表。对于高性能代码来说,这可能不是一个好主意,但对于测试来说很有用:

public static IEnumerable<T> Append<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, T newItem)
{
    foreach (T item in enumerable)
    {
        yield return item;
    }

    yield return newItem;
}

public static IEnumerable<T> Append<T>(this IEnumerable<T> enumerable, params T[] newItems)
{
    foreach (T item in enumerable)
    {
        yield return item;
    }

    foreach (T newItem in newItems)
    {
        yield return newItem;
    }
}

如使用。

someEnumeration = someEnumeration.Append(newItem);

还有其他可能的变化——例如。

someEnumeration = someEnumeration.Append(otherEnumeration);

如果你正在克隆项目,你可能还想克隆它们的列表:

public static IList<T> Clone<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) where T: ICloneable
{
    List<T> result = new List<T>();

    foreach (T item in source)
    {
        result.Add((T)item.Clone());
    }

    return result;
}

当我使用ObservableCollection<T>时,我通常使用AddRange方法扩展它。这里的其他答案给出了这个的实现。

如果您愿意,可以将此代码放入Codeplex项目中。

字符串。格式的快捷方式:

public static class StringExtensions
{
    // Enable quick and more natural string.Format calls
    public static string F(this string s, params object[] args)
    {
        return string.Format(s, args);
    }
}

例子:

var s = "The co-ordinate is ({0}, {1})".F(point.X, point.Y);

要快速复制粘贴,请点击这里。

难道你不觉得输入“一些字符串”. f(“param”)而不是字符串更自然吗?格式(“一些字符串”,“参数”)?

想要一个更容易读懂的名字,试试下面的建议:

s = "Hello {0} world {1}!".Fmt("Stack", "Overflow");
s = "Hello {0} world {1}!".FormatBy("Stack", "Overflow");
s = "Hello {0} world {1}!".FormatWith("Stack", "Overflow");
s = "Hello {0} world {1}!".Display("Stack", "Overflow");
s = "Hello {0} world {1}!".With("Stack", "Overflow");

..

我使用这个扩展方法通常与匿名类型,以获得一个字典ala ruby

public static Dictionary<string, object> ToDictionary(this object o)
{
    var dictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();

    foreach (var propertyInfo in o.GetType().GetProperties())
    {
        if (propertyInfo.GetIndexParameters().Length == 0)
        {
            dictionary.Add(propertyInfo.Name, propertyInfo.GetValue(o, null));
        }
    }

    return dictionary;
}

你可以使用它

var dummy = new { color = "#000000", width = "100%", id = "myid" };
Dictionary<string, object> dict = dummy.ToDictionary();

用扩展的方法

public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Action<T> action)
{
    foreach (T item in source)
    {
        action(item);
    }
}

你可以做到的

dummy.ToDictionary().ForEach((p) => Console.Write("{0}='{1}' ", p.Key, p.Value));

输出

Color ='#000000' width='100%' id='myid'

一些我最好的方法扩展(我有很多!):

public static T ToEnum<T>(this string str) where T : struct
{
    return (T)Enum.Parse(typeof(T), str);
}

//DayOfWeek sunday =  "Sunday".ToEnum<DayOfWeek>();

public static string ToString<T>(this IEnumerable<T> collection, string separator)
{
    return ToString(collection, t => t.ToString(), separator);
}

public static string ToString<T>(this IEnumerable<T> collection, Func<T, string> stringElement, string separator)
{
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    foreach (var item in collection)
    {
        sb.Append(stringElement(item));
        sb.Append(separator);
    }
    return sb.ToString(0, Math.Max(0, sb.Length - separator.Length));  // quita el ultimo separador
}

//new []{1,2,3}.ToString(i=>i*2, ", ")  --> "2, 4, 6"

此外,下一个意味着能够在几乎任何情况下继续在同一行中,而不是声明新变量然后删除状态:

public static R Map<T, R>(this T t, Func<T, R> func)
{
    return func(t);
}

ExpensiveFindWally().Map(wally=>wally.FirstName + " " + wally.LastName)

public static R TryCC<T, R>(this T t, Func<T, R> func)
    where T : class
    where R : class
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t);
}

public static R? TryCS<T, R>(this T t, Func<T, R> func)
    where T : class
    where R : struct
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t);
}

public static R? TryCS<T, R>(this T t, Func<T, R?> func)
    where T : class
    where R : struct
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t);
}

public static R TrySC<T, R>(this T? t, Func<T, R> func)
    where T : struct
    where R : class
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t.Value);
}

public static R? TrySS<T, R>(this T? t, Func<T, R> func)
    where T : struct
    where R : struct
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t.Value);
}

public static R? TrySS<T, R>(this T? t, Func<T, R?> func)
    where T : struct
    where R : struct
{
    if (t == null) return null;
    return func(t.Value);
}

//int? bossNameLength =  Departament.Boss.TryCC(b=>b.Name).TryCS(s=>s.Length);


public static T ThrowIfNullS<T>(this T? t, string mensaje)
    where T : struct
{
    if (t == null)
        throw new NullReferenceException(mensaje);
    return t.Value;
}

public static T ThrowIfNullC<T>(this T t, string mensaje)
    where T : class
{
    if (t == null)
        throw new NullReferenceException(mensaje);
    return t;
}

public static T Do<T>(this T t, Action<T> action)
{
    action(t);
    return t;
}

//Button b = new Button{Content = "Click"}.Do(b=>Canvas.SetColumn(b,2));

public static T TryDo<T>(this T t, Action<T> action) where T : class
{
    if (t != null)
        action(t);
    return t;
}

public static T? TryDoS<T>(this T? t, Action<T> action) where T : struct
{
    if (t != null)
        action(t.Value);
    return t;
}

希望它看起来不像来自火星:)