由于某些原因，在复制。xaml和项目之间的。cs之后，构建操作有时会发生变化。请确保您的。xaml的构建操作为Page。

另一种可能的解释是，您正在针对x86进行构建。右键单击解决方案并选择配置管理器。看看你是否在x86而不是任何CPU上构建。

我遇到过这种情况(尽管这在很大程度上是我的错，是在我复制并粘贴了一些代码之后造成的);当命名空间在XAML和后面的代码之间不匹配时，就会发生这种情况

EG

<UserControl x:Class="DockPanel.TreeView" />

后面的代码是

namespace NotDockPanel

我知道这是一个老问题了，但我们也遇到过类似的问题。我们能够使用VS2012构建一个项目，但不能从命令行使用msbuild。我进入。proj文件，并注意到它在默认的“PropertyGroup”部分下没有“ProjectTypeGuids”的记录，所以我添加了这个:

<ProjectTypeGuids>{60dc8134-eba5-43b8-bcc9-bb4bc16c2548};{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}</ProjectTypeGuids>

这是WPF的项目GUID。然后我删除并重新添加UserControl，它开始工作。我不确定我是否必须做最后一步，但现在它对我有用。

在我的情况下，程序实例已经在后台运行。我只是停止运行实例和程序构建成功。

I know this was answered due to a different cause, but this is a highly hit posting and I had ran into the same issue with a class library. In this case, it turned out to be both a change in my namespace (answered in this post here) and that the compiler could not rebuild the Window.g.i.cs which defines the InitializeComponent() method. It couldn't because the class library was missing the ProjectTypeGuid value for WPF projects in the csproj file. Instructions for this are here and here. I thought I would share in case someone else has run into the same issue. Just changing the namespace isn't enough in this case.