我有一个名为Order的类,它具有OrderId、OrderDate、Quantity和Total等财产。我有这个订单类的列表:
List<Order> objListOrder = new List<Order>();
GetOrderList(objListOrder); // fill list of orders
我想根据Order对象的一个属性对列表进行排序;例如通过订单日期或订单id。
如何在C#中执行此操作?
我有一个名为Order的类,它具有OrderId、OrderDate、Quantity和Total等财产。我有这个订单类的列表:
List<Order> objListOrder = new List<Order>();
GetOrderList(objListOrder); // fill list of orders
我想根据Order对象的一个属性对列表进行排序;例如通过订单日期或订单id。
如何在C#中执行此操作?
当前回答
请让我用@LukeH的一些示例代码来完成答案,因为我已经测试了它,我相信它可能对某些人有用:
public class Order
{
public string OrderId { get; set; }
public DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
public int Quantity { get; set; }
public int Total { get; set; }
public Order(string orderId, DateTime orderDate, int quantity, int total)
{
OrderId = orderId;
OrderDate = orderDate;
Quantity = quantity;
Total = total;
}
}
public void SampleDataAndTest()
{
List<Order> objListOrder = new List<Order>();
objListOrder.Add(new Order("tu me paulo ", Convert.ToDateTime("01/06/2016"), 1, 44));
objListOrder.Add(new Order("ante laudabas", Convert.ToDateTime("02/05/2016"), 2, 55));
objListOrder.Add(new Order("ad ordinem ", Convert.ToDateTime("03/04/2016"), 5, 66));
objListOrder.Add(new Order("collocationem ", Convert.ToDateTime("04/03/2016"), 9, 77));
objListOrder.Add(new Order("que rerum ac ", Convert.ToDateTime("05/02/2016"), 10, 65));
objListOrder.Add(new Order("locorum ; cuius", Convert.ToDateTime("06/01/2016"), 1, 343));
Console.WriteLine("Sort the list by date ascending:");
objListOrder.Sort((x, y) => x.OrderDate.CompareTo(y.OrderDate));
foreach (Order o in objListOrder)
Console.WriteLine("OrderId = " + o.OrderId + " OrderDate = " + o.OrderDate.ToString() + " Quantity = " + o.Quantity + " Total = " + o.Total);
Console.WriteLine("Sort the list by date descending:");
objListOrder.Sort((x, y) => y.OrderDate.CompareTo(x.OrderDate));
foreach (Order o in objListOrder)
Console.WriteLine("OrderId = " + o.OrderId + " OrderDate = " + o.OrderDate.ToString() + " Quantity = " + o.Quantity + " Total = " + o.Total);
Console.WriteLine("Sort the list by OrderId ascending:");
objListOrder.Sort((x, y) => x.OrderId.CompareTo(y.OrderId));
foreach (Order o in objListOrder)
Console.WriteLine("OrderId = " + o.OrderId + " OrderDate = " + o.OrderDate.ToString() + " Quantity = " + o.Quantity + " Total = " + o.Total);
//etc ...
}
其他回答
以上答案对我来说都不够通用,所以我做了一个:
var someUserInputStringValue = "propertyNameOfObject i.e. 'Quantity' or 'Date'";
var SortedData = DataToBeSorted
.OrderBy(m => m.GetType()
.GetProperties()
.First(n =>
n.Name == someUserInputStringValue)
.GetValue(m, null))
.ToList();
不过,要小心处理海量数据集。这是一个简单的代码,但如果集合是巨大的,并且集合的对象类型包含大量字段,则可能会给您带来麻烦。运行时间为NxM,其中:
N=集合中的元素数
M=对象中的财产数量
要在.Net 2.0上不使用LINQ的情况下执行此操作,请执行以下操作:
List<Order> objListOrder = GetOrderList();
objListOrder.Sort(
delegate(Order p1, Order p2)
{
return p1.OrderDate.CompareTo(p2.OrderDate);
}
);
如果你在.Net 3.0上,那么LukeH的答案就是你在追求什么。
要对多个财产进行排序,您仍然可以在委托中进行排序。例如:
orderList.Sort(
delegate(Order p1, Order p2)
{
int compareDate = p1.Date.CompareTo(p2.Date);
if (compareDate == 0)
{
return p2.OrderID.CompareTo(p1.OrderID);
}
return compareDate;
}
);
这将为您提供具有降序ID的升序日期。
然而,我不建议使用委托,因为这意味着很多地方没有代码重用。您应该实现一个IComparer,并将其传递给Sort方法。请参见此处。
public class MyOrderingClass : IComparer<Order>
{
public int Compare(Order x, Order y)
{
int compareDate = x.Date.CompareTo(y.Date);
if (compareDate == 0)
{
return x.OrderID.CompareTo(y.OrderID);
}
return compareDate;
}
}
然后,要使用这个IComparer类,只需实例化它并将其传递给Sort方法:
IComparer<Order> comparer = new MyOrderingClass();
orderList.Sort(comparer);
您可以对财产选择做一些更通用的操作,但也可以对您选择的类型进行特定操作,例如“订单”:
将函数编写为通用函数:
public List<Order> GetOrderList<T>(IEnumerable<Order> orders, Func<Order, T> propertySelector)
{
return (from order in orders
orderby propertySelector(order)
select order).ToList();
}
然后这样使用:
var ordersOrderedByDate = GetOrderList(orders, x => x.OrderDate);
您可以更加通用,并为您想要订购的产品定义一个开放类型:
public List<T> OrderBy<T,P>(IEnumerable<T> collection, Func<T,P> propertySelector)
{
return (from item in collection
orderby propertySelector(item)
select item).ToList();
}
并以相同的方式使用:
var ordersOrderedByDate = OrderBy(orders, x => x.OrderDate);
这是一种愚蠢而不必要的复杂LINQ风格的“OrderBy”方式,但它可能会给你一个如何以通用方式实现的线索
假设您有以下代码,在这段代码中,我们有一个Passenger类,其中有几个我们想要排序的财产。
public class Passenger
{
public string Name { get; }
public string LastName { get; }
public string PassportNo { get; }
public string Nationality { get; }
public Passenger(string name, string lastName, string passportNo, string nationality)
{
this.Name = name;
this.LastName = lastName;
this.PassportNo = passportNo;
this.Nationality = nationality;
}
public static int CompareByName(Passenger passenger1, Passenger passenger2)
{
return String.Compare(passenger1.Name, passenger2.Name);
}
public static int CompareByLastName(Passenger passenger1, Passenger passenger2)
{
return String.Compare(passenger1.LastName, passenger2.LastName);
}
public static int CompareNationality(Passenger passenger1, Passenger passenger2)
{
return String.Compare(passenger1.Nationality, passenger2.Nationality);
}
}
public class TestPassengerSort
{
Passenger p1 = new Passenger("Johon", "Floid", "A123456789", "USA");
Passenger p2 = new Passenger("Jo", "Sina", "A987463215", "UAE");
Passenger p3 = new Passenger("Ped", "Zoola", "A987855215", "Italy");
public void SortThem()
{
Passenger[] passengers = new Passenger[] { p1, p2, p3 };
List<Passenger> passengerList = new List<Passenger> { p1, p2, p3 };
Array.Sort(passengers, Passenger.CompareByName);
Array.Sort(passengers, Passenger.CompareByLastName);
Array.Sort(passengers, Passenger.CompareNationality);
passengerList.Sort(Passenger.CompareByName);
passengerList.Sort(Passenger.CompareByLastName);
passengerList.Sort(Passenger.CompareNationality);
}
}
因此,您可以使用Composition委托实现排序结构。
基于GenericTypeTea的比较器:我们可以通过添加排序标志来获得更多的灵活性:
public class MyOrderingClass : IComparer<Order> {
public int Compare(Order x, Order y) {
int compareDate = x.Date.CompareTo(y.Date);
if (compareDate == 0) {
int compareOrderId = x.OrderID.CompareTo(y.OrderID);
if (OrderIdDescending) {
compareOrderId = -compareOrderId;
}
return compareOrderId;
}
if (DateDescending) {
compareDate = -compareDate;
}
return compareDate;
}
public bool DateDescending { get; set; }
public bool OrderIdDescending { get; set; }
}
在此场景中,必须将其显式实例化为MyOrderingClass(而不是IComparer)为了设置其排序财产:
MyOrderingClass comparer = new MyOrderingClass();
comparer.DateDescending = ...;
comparer.OrderIdDescending = ...;
orderList.Sort(comparer);