要找到映射到该值的所有键，请使用map. entryset()遍历hashmap中的所有对。

让我们看看我的例子

Map<String, String> mapPeopleAndCountry = new HashMap<>();
mapPeopleAndCountry.put("Matis", "Lithuania");
mapPeopleAndCountry.put("Carlos", "Honduras");
mapPeopleAndCountry.put("Teboho", "Lesotho");
mapPeopleAndCountry.put("Marielos", "Honduras");


List<String> peopleInHonduras = mapPeopleAndCountry.keySet()
    .stream()
    .filter(r -> mapPeopleAndCountry.get(r)
                .equals("Honduras"))
    .stream(Collectors.toList());

// will return ["Carlos", "Marielos"]

注:未经测试，可能含有错别字

使用薄包装:HMap

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class HMap<K, V> {

   private final Map<K, Map<K, V>> map;

   public HMap() {
      map = new HashMap<K, Map<K, V>>();
   }

   public HMap(final int initialCapacity) {
      map = new HashMap<K, Map<K, V>>(initialCapacity);
   }

   public boolean containsKey(final Object key) {
      return map.containsKey(key);
   }

   public V get(final Object key) {
      final Map<K, V> entry = map.get(key);
      if (entry != null)
         return entry.values().iterator().next();
      return null;
   }

   public K getKey(final Object key) {
      final Map<K, V> entry = map.get(key);
      if (entry != null)
         return entry.keySet().iterator().next();
      return null;
   }

   public V put(final K key, final V value) {
      final Map<K, V> entry = map
            .put(key, Collections.singletonMap(key, value));
      if (entry != null)
         return entry.values().iterator().next();
      return null;
   }
}

public static class SmartHashMap <T1 extends Object, T2 extends Object> {
    public HashMap<T1, T2> keyValue;
    public HashMap<T2, T1> valueKey;

    public SmartHashMap(){
        this.keyValue = new HashMap<T1, T2>();
        this.valueKey = new HashMap<T2, T1>();
    }

    public void add(T1 key, T2 value){
        this.keyValue.put(key, value);
        this.valueKey.put(value, key);
    }

    public T2 getValue(T1 key){
        return this.keyValue.get(key);
    }

    public T1 getKey(T2 value){
        return this.valueKey.get(value);
    }

}

找到了太多答案。有些真的很棒。但我特别在寻找一种方法，这样我就可以用循环得到值。

这就是我最后做的: 对于HashMap 1对1关系:

    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    
    map.put("abc", "123");
    map.put("xyz", "456");
    
    for(Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
        if(entry.getValue().equalsIgnoreCase("456")) {
            System.out.println(entry.getKey());
        }
    }

输出:“xyz”

对于HashMap一对多关系:

    Map<String, ArrayList<String>> service = new HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>>();
    
    service.put("abc", new ArrayList<String>());
    service.get("abc").add("a");
    service.get("abc").add("b");
    service.get("abc").add("c");
    
    service.put("xyz", new ArrayList<String>());
    service.get("xyz").add("x");
    service.get("xyz").add("y");
    service.get("xyz").add("z");
    
    for(Entry<String, ArrayList<String>> entry : service.entrySet()) {
        ArrayList<String> values = entry.getValue();
        for(String value : values) {
            if(value.equalsIgnoreCase("x")) {
                System.out.println(entry.getKey());
            }
        }
        
    }

输出:xyz

-谢谢

使用Java 8:

ftw.forEach((key, value) -> {
    if (value.equals("foo")) {
        System.out.print(key);
    }
});