是否有办法在bash上比较这些字符串,例如:2.4.5和2.8和2.4.5.1?


当前回答

当Bash变得太复杂时,就把它输送到python中!

vercomp(){ echo "$1" "$2" | python3 -c "import re, sys; arr = lambda x: list(map(int, re.split('[^0-9]+', x))); x, y = map(arr, sys.stdin.read().split()); exit(not x >= y)"; }

比较两个版本号的例子:

vercomp 2.8 2.4.5 && echo ">=" || echo "<"

这个python一行代码比较左边版本号和右边版本号,如果左边版本号等于或更高,则退出0。它还处理2.4.5rc3这样的版本

分解后,这是可读的代码:

import re, sys

# Convert a version string into a list "2.4.5" -> [2, 4, 5]
arr = lambda x: list(map(int, re.split('[^0-9]+', x)))

# Read the version numbers from stdin and apply the above function to them
x, y = map(arr, sys.stdin.read().split())

# Exit 0 if the left number is greater than the right
exit(not x >= y)

其他回答

我实现了一个函数,返回与Dennis Williamson相同的结果,但使用更少的行数。它最初执行一个健全性检查,导致1..0从他的测试中失败(我认为应该是这样),但他所有的其他测试都通过了这段代码:

#!/bin/bash
version_compare() {
    if [[ $1 =~ ^([0-9]+\.?)+$ && $2 =~ ^([0-9]+\.?)+$ ]]; then
        local l=(${1//./ }) r=(${2//./ }) s=${#l[@]}; [[ ${#r[@]} -gt ${#l[@]} ]] && s=${#r[@]}

        for i in $(seq 0 $((s - 1))); do
            [[ ${l[$i]} -gt ${r[$i]} ]] && return 1
            [[ ${l[$i]} -lt ${r[$i]} ]] && return 2
        done

        return 0
    else
        echo "Invalid version number given"
        exit 1
    fi
}

这在版本中最多为4个字段。

$ function ver { printf "%03d%03d%03d%03d" $(echo "$1" | tr '.' ' '); }
$ [ $(ver 10.9) -lt $(ver 10.10) ] && echo hello  
hello

我使用一个函数来规范化这些数字,然后比较它们。

for循环用于将版本字符串中的八进制数转换为十进制数,例如:1.08→1 8,1.0030→1 30,2021-02-03→2021 2 3…

(用bash 5.0.17测试

#!/usr/bin/env bash

v() {
  printf "%04d%04d%04d%04d%04d" $(for i in ${1//[^0-9]/ }; do printf "%d " $((10#$i)); done)
}

while read -r test; do
  set -- $test
  printf "$test    "
  eval "if [[ $(v $1) $3 $(v $2) ]] ; then echo true; else echo false; fi"
done << EOF
1              1                   ==
2.1            2.2                  <
3.0.4.10       3.0.4.2              >
4.08           4.08.01              <
3.2.1.9.8144   3.2                  >
3.2            3.2.1.9.8144         <
1.2            2.1                  <
2.1            1.2                  >
5.6.7          5.6.7               ==
1.01.1         1.1.1               ==
1.1.1          1.01.1              ==
1              1.0                 ==
1.0            1                   ==
1.0.2.0        1.0.2               ==
1..0           1.0                 ==
1.0            1..0                ==
1              1                    >
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4            >
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4           ==
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4            <
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4           !=
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3+rc4            <
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1.1     <
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1-rf1   <
2021-01-03-rc1 2021-01-04           <
5.0.17(1)-release 5.0.17(2)-release <
EOF

结果:

1              1                   ==    true
2.1            2.2                  <    true
3.0.4.10       3.0.4.2              >    true
4.08           4.08.01              <    true
3.2.1.9.8144   3.2                  >    true
3.2            3.2.1.9.8144         <    true
1.2            2.1                  <    true
2.1            1.2                  >    true
5.6.7          5.6.7               ==    true
1.01.1         1.1.1               ==    true
1.1.1          1.01.1              ==    true
1              1.0                 ==    true
1.0            1                   ==    true
1.0.2.0        1.0.2               ==    true
1..0           1.0                 ==    true
1.0            1..0                ==    true
1              1                    >    false
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4            >    false
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4           ==    false
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4            <    true
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3~rc4           !=    true
1.2.3~rc2      1.2.3+rc4            <    true
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1.1     <    true
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1-rf1   <    true
2021-01-03-rc1 2021-01-04           <    true
5.0.17(1)-release 5.0.17(2)-release <    true

我遇到并解决了这个问题,添加了一个额外的(更短更简单的)答案…

首先注意,扩展shell比较失败了,你可能已经知道了…

    if [[ 1.2.0 < 1.12.12 ]]; then echo true; else echo false; fi
    false

使用sort -t'。'-g(或者kanaka提到的sort -V)来排序版本和简单的bash字符串比较,我找到了一个解决方案。输入文件包含列3和列4中的版本,我想对它们进行比较。这将遍历列表,确定匹配项或其中一个大于另一个。希望这仍然可以帮助那些希望使用bash尽可能简单地做到这一点的人。

while read l
do
    #Field 3 contains version on left to compare (change -f3 to required column).
    kf=$(echo $l | cut -d ' ' -f3)
    #Field 4 contains version on right to compare (change -f4 to required column).
    mp=$(echo $l | cut -d ' ' -f4)

    echo 'kf = '$kf
    echo 'mp = '$mp

    #To compare versions m.m.m the two can be listed and sorted with a . separator and the greater version found.
    gv=$(echo -e $kf'\n'$mp | sort -t'.' -g | tail -n 1)

    if [ $kf = $mp ]; then 
        echo 'Match Found: '$l
    elif [ $kf = $gv ]; then
        echo 'Karaf feature file version is greater '$l
    elif [ $mp = $gv ]; then
        echo 'Maven pom file version is greater '$l
   else
       echo 'Comparison error '$l
   fi
done < features_and_pom_versions.tmp.txt

感谢Barry的博客给出了排序的想法…… 裁判:http://bkhome.org/blog/?viewDetailed=02199

$ for OVFTOOL_VERSION in "4.2.0" "4.2.1" "5.2.0" "3.2.0" "4.1.9" "4.0.1" "4.3.0" "4.5.0" "4.2.1" "30.1.0" "4" "5" "4.1" "4.3"
> do
>   if [ $(echo "$OVFTOOL_VERSION 4.2.0" | tr " " "\n" | sort --version-sort | head -n 1) = 4.2.0 ]; then 
>     echo "$OVFTOOL_VERSION is >= 4.2.0"; 
>   else 
>     echo "$OVFTOOL_VERSION is < 4.2.0"; 
>   fi
> done
4.2.0 is >= 4.2.0
4.2.1 is >= 4.2.0
5.2.0 is >= 4.2.0
3.2.0 is < 4.2.0
4.1.9 is < 4.2.0
4.0.1 is < 4.2.0
4.3.0 is >= 4.2.0
4.5.0 is >= 4.2.0
4.2.1 is >= 4.2.0
30.1.0 is >= 4.2.0
4 is < 4.2.0
5 is >= 4.2.0
4.1 is < 4.2.0
4.3 is >= 4.2.0