如果你使用CMAKE和GNU编译器，这个全局定义工作正常:

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -D__MY_FILE__='\"$(notdir $(abspath $<))\"'")

GCC 12将提供GNU C扩展宏__FILE_NAME__来获取编译文件的基名。

请参阅GCC文档，其中已经包含了这个宏:GCC -common_predefined_macros

GCC线程:Bug 42579 - [PATCH]支持获取文件basename

编译时没有办法做到这一点。显然，您可以在运行时使用C运行时实现它，正如其他一些答案所演示的那样，但是在编译时，当预处理器启动时，您就不走运了。

I think this is better than using strrchr function. strfnchr will search last delemeter '/' and get filename from __FILE__ and you can use __FILE__NAME__ instead __FILE__ for get file name without full file path. strrchr solution searching filename twice per use. but this code is just 1 time search. And it works effectively even if there is no seperater '/' in __FILE__. You can use it by replacing it with \ as needed. The source code of strfnchr was improved by using the source code of strrchr below. I think it will work more effectively than strrchr. https://code.woboq.org/userspace/glibc/string/strrchr.c.html

inline const char* strfnchr(const char* s, int c) {
  const char* found = s;
  while (*(s++)) {
    if (*s == c)
      found = s;
  }
  if (found != s)
    return found + 1;
  return s;
}

#define __FILE_NAME__ strfnchr(__FILE__, '/')

下面是一个解决方案，适用于没有字符串库的环境(Linux内核，嵌入式系统等):

#define FILENAME ({ \
    const char* filename_start = __FILE__; \
    const char* filename = filename_start; \
    while(*filename != '\0') \
        filename++; \
    while((filename != filename_start) && (*(filename - 1) != '/')) \
        filename--; \
    filename; })

现在只需使用FILENAME而不是__FILENAME__。是的，它仍然是一个运行时的东西，但它是有效的。

一个简短的，适用于Windows和*nix的答案:

#define __FILENAME__ std::max<const char*>(__FILE__,\
    std::max(strrchr(__FILE__, '\\')+1, strrchr(__FILE__, '/')+1))