这没有不必要的通配符问题，而且，内部空白是未修改的(假设$IFS被设置为默认值，即' \t\n')。

它一直读取到第一个换行符(但不包括换行符)或字符串的结尾，以先到者为准，并删除任何前导和尾随空格以及\t字符的混合。如果你想保留多行(同时去掉开头和结尾换行符)，请使用read -r -d " var << eof;但是请注意，如果您的输入恰好包含\neof，它将在之前被切断。(其他形式的空白，即\r、\f和\v，即使您将它们添加到$IFS，也不会被剥离。)

read -r var << eof
$var
eof

var = '  a b  '
# remove all white spaces
new=$(echo $var |  tr -d ' ')
# remove leading and trailing whitespaces
new=$(echo $var)

ab
a b

我发现我需要从混乱的sdiff输出中添加一些代码来清理它:

sdiff -s column1.txt column2.txt | grep -F '<' | cut -f1 -d"<" > c12diff.txt 
sed -n 1'p' c12diff.txt | sed 's/ *$//g' | tr -d '\n' | tr -d '\t'

这将删除尾随空格和其他不可见字符。

虽然它不是严格的Bash，这将做你想要的和更多:

php -r '$x = trim("  hi there  "); echo $x;'

如果你也想让它小写，可以这样做:

php -r '$x = trim("  Hi There  "); $x = strtolower($x) ; echo $x;'

答案有很多，但我仍然认为我刚刚写的剧本值得一提，因为:

it was successfully tested in the shells bash/dash/busybox shell it is extremely small it doesn't depend on external commands and doesn't need to fork (->fast and low resource usage) it works as expected: it strips all spaces and tabs from beginning and end, but not more important: it doesn't remove anything from the middle of the string (many other answers do), even newlines will remain special: the "$*" joins multiple arguments using one space. if you want to trim & output only the first argument, use "$1" instead if doesn't have any problems with matching file name patterns etc

脚本:

trim() {
  local s2 s="$*"
  until s2="${s#[[:space:]]}"; [ "$s2" = "$s" ]; do s="$s2"; done
  until s2="${s%[[:space:]]}"; [ "$s2" = "$s" ]; do s="$s2"; done
  echo "$s"
}

用法:

mystring="   here     is
    something    "
mystring=$(trim "$mystring")
echo ">$mystring<"

输出:

>here     is
    something<

我创建了以下函数。我不确定printf的可移植性如何，但这个解决方案的美妙之处在于，您可以通过添加更多字符代码来指定什么是“空白”。

    iswhitespace()
    {
        n=`printf "%d\n" "'$1'"`
        if (( $n != "13" )) && (( $n != "10" )) && (( $n != "32" )) && (( $n != "92" )) && (( $n != "110" )) && (( $n != "114" )); then
            return 0
        fi
        return 1
    }

    trim()
    {
        i=0
        str="$1"
        while (( i < ${#1} ))
        do
            char=${1:$i:1}
            iswhitespace "$char"
            if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
                str="${str:$i}"
                i=${#1}
            fi
            (( i += 1 ))
        done
        i=${#str}
        while (( i > "0" ))
        do
            (( i -= 1 ))
            char=${str:$i:1}
            iswhitespace "$char"
            if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
                (( i += 1 ))
                str="${str:0:$i}"
                i=0
            fi
        done
        echo "$str"
    }

#Call it like so
mystring=`trim "$mystring"`