如何使用JSP/Servlet上传文件到服务器?
我试了一下:
<form action="upload" method="post">
<input type="text" name="description" />
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
但是，我只得到了文件名，而不是文件内容。当我添加enctype="multipart/form-data"到<form>时，request.getParameter()返回null。
在研究过程中，我偶然发现了Apache Common FileUpload。我试了一下:
FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
List items = upload.parseRequest(request); // This line is where it died.
不幸的是，servlet抛出了一个异常，没有明确的消息和原因。下面是stacktrace:
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet UploadServlet threw exception
javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet execution threw an exception
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:313)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:852)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:637)
HTML页面
<html>
<head>
<title>File Uploading Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>File Upload:</h3>
Select a file to upload: <br />
<form action="UploadServlet" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" size="50" />
<br />
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
Servlet文件
// Import required java libraries
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.io.output.*;
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private boolean isMultipart;
private String filePath;
private int maxFileSize = 50 * 1024;
private int maxMemSize = 4 * 1024;
private File file;
public void init() {
// Get the file location where it would be stored.
filePath =
getServletContext().getInitParameter("file-upload");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {
// Check that we have a file upload request
isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
response.setContentType("text/html");
java.io.PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
if (!isMultipart) {
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Servlet upload</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<p>No file uploaded</p>");
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
return;
}
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// Maximum size that will be stored in memory
factory.setSizeThreshold(maxMemSize);
// Location to save data that is larger than maxMemSize.
factory.setRepository(new File("c:\\temp"));
// Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// maximum file size to be uploaded.
upload.setSizeMax(maxFileSize);
try {
// Parse the request to get file items.
List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
// Process the uploaded file items
Iterator i = fileItems.iterator();
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Servlet upload</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
while (i.hasNext())
{
FileItem fi = (FileItem)i.next();
if (!fi.isFormField())
{
// Get the uploaded file parameters
String fieldName = fi.getFieldName();
String fileName = fi.getName();
String contentType = fi.getContentType();
boolean isInMemory = fi.isInMemory();
long sizeInBytes = fi.getSize();
// Write the file
if (fileName.lastIndexOf("\\") >= 0) {
file = new File(filePath +
fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("\\")));
}
else {
file = new File(filePath +
fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1));
}
fi.write(file);
out.println("Uploaded Filename: " + fileName + "<br>");
}
}
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
}
catch(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
}
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {
throw new ServletException("GET method used with " +
getClass().getName() + ": POST method required.");
}
}
文件web . xml
编译上面的servlet UploadServlet并在web.xml文件中创建所需的条目，如下所示。
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>UploadServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/UploadServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
对于Spring MVC
我设法有一个更简单的版本，用于获取表单输入，包括数据和图像。
<form action="/handleform" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="text" name="name" />
<input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
要处理的控制器
@Controller
public class FormController {
@RequestMapping(value="/handleform",method= RequestMethod.POST)
ModelAndView register(@RequestParam String name, @RequestParam int age, @RequestParam MultipartFile file)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(age);
if(!file.isEmpty()){
byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();
String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();
BufferedOutputStream stream =new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("D:/" + filename)));
stream.write(bytes);
stream.flush();
stream.close();
}
return new ModelAndView("index");
}
}
首先你必须将表单的enctype属性设置为"multipart/form-data"
如下所示。
<form action="Controller" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label class="file-upload"> Click here to upload an Image </label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" required>
</form>
然后，在Servlet“控制器”中添加用于多部分的注释，以指示在Servlet中处理多部分数据。
完成此操作后，检索通过表单发送的部分，然后检索提交文件的文件名(带路径)。使用它在所需的路径中创建一个新文件，并将文件的部分写入新创建的文件以重新创建该文件。
如下图所示:
@MultipartConfig
public class Controller extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
insertImage(request, response);
}
private void addProduct(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
Part filePart = request.getPart("file");
String imageName = Paths.get(filePart.getSubmittedFileName()).getFileName().toString();
String imageSavePath = "specify image path to save image"; //path to save image
FileOutputStream outputStream = null;
InputStream fileContent = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(imageSavePath + File.separator + imageName));
// Creating a new file with file path and the file name
fileContent = filePart.getInputStream();
// Getting the input stream
int readBytes = 0;
byte[] readArray = new byte[1024];
// Initializing a byte array with size 1024
while ((readBytes = fileContent.read(readArray)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(readArray, 0, readBytes);
} // This loop will write the contents of the byte array unitl the end to the output stream
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println("Error Writing File: " + ex);
} finally {
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.close();
// Closing the output stream
}
if (fileContent != null) {
fileContent.close();
// Closing the input stream
}
}
}
}
