我很惊讶你们很多人似乎都想把文件保存在服务器上。将所有内容保存在内存中的解决方案如下:

[HttpPost("api/upload")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Upload()
{
    if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType); 

    var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();
    await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);
    foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
    {
        var filename = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Trim('\"');
        var buffer = await file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
        //Do whatever you want with filename and its binary data.
    }

    return Ok();
}

补充Matt Frear的回答-这将是一个asp.net Core的选择，直接从流读取文件，而不需要保存和从磁盘读取:

public ActionResult OnPostUpload(List<IFormFile> files)
    {
        try
        {
            var file = files.FirstOrDefault();
            var inputstream = file.OpenReadStream();

            XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(stream);

            var FIRST_ROW_NUMBER = {{firstRowWithValue}};

            ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
            // Example: var firstCellRow = (int)sheet.GetRow(0).GetCell(0).NumericCellValue;

            for (int rowIdx = 2; rowIdx <= sheet.LastRowNum; rowIdx++)
               {
                  IRow currentRow = sheet.GetRow(rowIdx);

                  if (currentRow == null || currentRow.Cells == null || currentRow.Cells.Count() < FIRST_ROW_NUMBER) break;

                  var df = new DataFormatter();                

                  for (int cellNumber = {{firstCellWithValue}}; cellNumber < {{lastCellWithValue}}; cellNumber++)
                      {
                         //business logic & saving data to DB                        
                      }               
                }
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            throw new FileFormatException($"Error on file processing - {ex.Message}");
        }
    }

我在预览Web API时遇到了类似的问题。还没有将这部分移植到新的MVC 4 Web API，但这可能会有所帮助:

使用HttpRequestMessage或Stream上传REST文件?

请让我知道，可以坐下来，明天再试着实施它。

这里有两种接受文件的方法。一个使用内存提供程序MultipartMemoryStreamProvider，另一个使用保存到磁盘的MultipartFormDataStreamProvider。注意，这一次只针对一个文件上传。您可以扩展它来保存多个文件。第二种方法可以支持大文件。我测试过超过200MB的文件，它工作得很好。使用内存方法不需要保存到磁盘，但如果超过一定的限制，将抛出内存外异常。

private async Task<Stream> ReadStream()
{
    Stream stream = null;
    var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();
    await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);
    foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
    {
        var buffer = await file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
        stream = new MemoryStream(buffer);
    }

    return stream;
}

private async Task<Stream> ReadLargeStream()
{
    Stream stream = null;
    string root = Path.GetTempPath();
    var provider = new MultipartFormDataStreamProvider(root);
    await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);
    foreach (var file in provider.FileData)
    {
        var path = file.LocalFileName;
        byte[] content = File.ReadAllBytes(path);
        File.Delete(path);
        stream = new MemoryStream(content);
    }

    return stream;
}

我很惊讶你们很多人似乎都想把文件保存在服务器上。将所有内容保存在内存中的解决方案如下:

[HttpPost("api/upload")]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Upload()
{
    if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType); 

    var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();
    await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);
    foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
    {
        var filename = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Trim('\"');
        var buffer = await file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
        //Do whatever you want with filename and its binary data.
    }

    return Ok();
}

ASP。NET Core的方式现在在这里:

[HttpPost("UploadFiles")]
public async Task<IActionResult> Post(List<IFormFile> files)
{
    long size = files.Sum(f => f.Length);

    // full path to file in temp location
    var filePath = Path.GetTempFileName();

    foreach (var formFile in files)
    {
        if (formFile.Length > 0)
        {
            using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create))
            {
                await formFile.CopyToAsync(stream);
            }
        }
    }

    // process uploaded files
    // Don't rely on or trust the FileName property without validation.

    return Ok(new { count = files.Count, size, filePath});
}